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Starlink is the name of a network of satellites developed by private spaceflight company SpaceX, initially aiming to provide low-cost internet to remote locations. Starlink is ideal for areas where connectivity is unreliable or completely unavailable, but it has expanded the service offering to different locations. Markets served by Starlink satellites In a post published on May 20, 2024 on X (formerly Twitter), the CEO of Space X, Elon Musk, informed that the Starlink is connecting more than 3 million users in 99 countries , through more than 6,000 Starlink satellites in orbit , providing high-speed internet. Starlink satellites are being used not only by residential and business customers, but also by airlines offering in-flight internet services and by cruise ships so passengers can stay connected while at sea, as well as other applications, as per we'll see. Why Starlink's In-flight WiFi is a Game Changer³ - Source: Primal Space Events such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods or wildfires destroy or severely damage terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure, leaving affected communities completely isolated from the outside world. With Starlink, first responders can quickly transport and configure user terminals virtually anywhere and get online in a matter of minutes, bypassing the need for any ground-based infrastructure. Satellite visibility A day or two after the launch and deployment of Starlink satellites, no special equipment is needed to see them as they are visible to the naked eye. They appear as a series of pearls or a "train" of bright lights moving across the night sky. If you wish, you can try to find the Starlink satellites visible in your country, using coordinates provided by FindStarlink After launch, until reaching around 440 kilometers above Earth, the Falcon 9 rocket transports and deploys its batch of 60 Starlink satellites, in a “parking orbit”. From there, individual satellites unfold their solar panels and slowly begin to spread across the planet. Each satellite uses its thrusters to gradually rise to a higher altitude, rising into its eventual final orbit about 100 miles above the International Space Station's orbit. They become progressively more difficult to detect because, as the satellites rise, they become dimmer, reflecting less sunlight back to Earth, until they reach their final orbital height of about 550 km. Goals Starlink's central objectives are to solve two major problems of the modern internet: the lack of accessible connections to distant geographic areas and/or without terrestrial communications structure and high latency¹ . Traditional internet services through cables and optical fibers have limitations inherent to the characteristics of the service. Even within a country, it is rare to achieve a direct cabling path from one location to another. Relying on terrestrial cables also leaves many regions poorly connected. The challenge of overcoming high latency, one of Starlink's central objectives, is relevant, due to the enormous impacts it can cause. To get an idea of the losses that can be caused by high latency, let’s look at some examples: For those trying to watch videos, series, films online, high latency can mean crashes or loss of video quality. When browsing social networks, the maximum recommended latency is 50 to 100 ms for good performance. When playing, the maximum oriented latency is 30 ms, to avoid loss of competitiveness. Financial operations, for security reasons, may be canceled if there is a delay in sending information. Banks move billions of dollars in fractions of a second, any delay can lead to big losses for a competitor that operates with a faster connection. Online classes with constant crashes make access to course content unfeasible. E-commerces that take time to load can cause a loss of online sales. Work and video conferences, via high-latency internet, can be impacted by productivity losses or even become unfeasible. Starlink satellites make it possible to access essential online services and resources in rural communities that were often unserved by traditional internet providers. Starlink allows hospitals and field clinics to hold real-time video conferences with doctors and specialists thousands of miles away. Medical images such as X-rays or CT scans can be shared instantly for remote diagnosis. Patients with chronic conditions can have remote check-ins and follow-ups with healthcare professionals. Starlink makes these advanced telehealth applications possible even in extremely remote or resource-limited environments.   Remote teaching is also favored, with the possibility of accessing online classes, research, sharing study materials, now possible for communities isolated due to the lack of terrestrial communications infrastructure or even because they have been hit by destructive events. How it works Customers purchase a terrestrial antenna to access Starlink's internet service. When plugged in, the self-steering antenna quickly scans the sky and locks onto the nearest overhead satellite. Then, it seamlessly maintains that connection as each new Starlink satellite comes into view and the previous one disappears beyond the horizon. Starlink antennas are certified to operate between -22° Fahrenheit (minimum temperature) to 104° Fahrenheit (maximum temperature), which, on the Celsius scale, corresponds to -30° Celsius to 40° Celsius. Elon Musk's Starlink Impact video (By Geoff Aba) ³ Historic January . 2015: SpaceX satellite internet proposal ² announced. February 2018: SpaceX launched its first two Starlink prototypes, called Tintin-A and Tintin-B. The test helped demonstrate the basic concept and refine the satellite's design. May 23, 2019: The first 60 Starlink satellites were launched into low Earth orbit aboard a SpaceX rocket and successfully reached an operational altitude of 340 miles (550 kilometers) above Earth. October.2020: Starlink standard internet service launched. Jan.2021: Laser terminals, or laser crosses, have been added to a batch of Starlink satellites, which allows the satellites to transfer information to each other. May.2021: 100th consecutive launch of the Falcon 9 rocket, carrying Starlink satellites for launch into space. June.2021: More than 1,500 active satellites, making Starlink satellites the largest constellation of satellites around the Earth, more than half of all active satellites that circled our planet. Aug.2022: SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and T-Mobile CEO Mike Sievert announced an agreement between the two companies in August 2022 and plan to provide the service to T-Mobile customers after the satellite launches Starlink V2 complete. February 27, 2023: SpaceX began launching an updated version of Starlink, called V2 mini. The V2 mini serves as a precursor version of the fully designed V2. The complete Starlink V2 satellites will be launched on the Starship rocket on a date yet to be confirmed. When they do, the larger V2 satellites will have a greater data capacity than their predecessors and the ability to deliver services directly to cellular devices. May 2024: The milestone of 6,078 Starlink satellites in orbit is reached. To reach that number, for the past few years, every two weeks a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket has lifted off and transported a new batch of about 60 Starlink satellites into low Earth orbit. July 3, 2024: Falcon 9 launch to transport 20 Starlink satellites, including 13 with Direct to Cell capabilities, to low Earth orbit from Space Launch Complex 40 (SLC-40) at Space Force Station Cape Canaveral, Florida.   Starlink has been active in initiatives that go beyond business, in humanitarian aid in contexts of destruction, resulting from the action of nature and/or human action. In response to emergencies, the Starlink website states: “By not having the limitations of traditional terrestrial infrastructure, Starlink can be quickly deployed to assist emergency teams in disaster situations. The Starlink team is proud to support and prioritize its service to emergency responders around the world and will continue to increase that support as we expand our coverage areas . ”   Humanitarian action in support of emergency situations Starlink's role in helping Ukraine Starlink has been a vital piece of Ukraine's communications infrastructure. Ukrainian government authorities publicly requested Starlink terminals on February 26, 2022, and two days later on February 28. 2022, the first Starlink equipment arrived. In early April 2022, SpaceX and the United States Agency for International Development ( USAID ), announced the delivery of approximately 5,000 Starlink terminals to Ukraine, with SpaceX directly supplying more than 3,000 of them. The number has grown considerably since then, to 25,000, according to the company's founder and CEO, Elon Musk. Starlink's role in helping Florida, United States After Hurricane Ian devastated parts of Florida in 2022, Starlink was able to quickly deploy terminals to restore internet to emergency responders in the hardest-hit areas, such as Fort Myers Beach . Similarly, Starlink has provided Internet access to support emergency response efforts following natural disasters in Tonga, Samoa and other Pacific islands hit by tsunamis and volcanic eruptions. Starlink's role in helping Tonga, Samoa and other Pacific islands As of February 2022, at least 50 Starlink terminals have been shipped to Tonga in the Pacific Ocean. The aim was to give its residents free access to the Internet, especially in remote villages. Tonga needed the terminals after suffering a massive volcano eruption and tsunami in January, as did Samoa and other Pacific islands that were also hit and assisted by Starlink. At the time, SpaceX said the terminals will allow communications to flow in some of the regions with the worst effects resulting from the eruption. Starlink's role in helping the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil The floods in Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil, resulting from intense rain between April 27 and May 5, 2024, caused a situation of sudden and unimaginable drama, with deaths, homelessness, total loss and damage to homes, commercial establishments, automobiles, stoppages of various activities, among other enormous difficulties. This has required gigantic relief efforts, assistance, donations and mobilizations aimed at recovering material losses, which will be slow, due to the enormity of the damage caused, as 85% of the cities in the State were affected. Businessman Elon Musk decided to donate 1,000 Starlink antennas to the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The donation included the provision of data services, free of charge, until the region recovers. The first batch was received at the Air Base in the city of Canoas-RS, on May 11, 2024 and the second and final batch was delivered the following day, at the same Air Base. In a statement, the Government of Rio Grande do Sul announced that the Starlink antennas will help “reestablish communication at the main points of Civil Defense, Public Security, health units, schools and essential public services during the period that the calamity continues” . Elon Musk's Starlink: How Is It Helping Humanity? ³ Source : youtube.com/@Cosmoknowledge Questions and clarifications As seen, undoubtedly, the existence of the Starlink satellite megaconstellation provides extraordinary benefits to humanity, however, there are questions. Astronomers have long complained about satellites affecting their ability to explore space through observations using ground-based telescopes due to sunlight reflecting off orbiting machinery. In response, Patricia Cooper, vice president of satellite government affairs at SpaceX, informed astronomers at a January 2020 meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Honolulu that “SpaceX is absolutely committed to finding a path forward so that our Starlink project does not impede the value of the research you are all carrying out.” SpaceX has taken steps in this regard. For example, recently launched Starlink satellites have visors designed to reduce the glare of sunlight on their structure. There are also questions about the disposal of old satellites and the risk of satellite collisions with spacecraft. In February 2022, SpaceX published a statement on its website that sets out why it believes that Starlink will never litter Earth's orbit with space debris or cause orbital collisions with other satellites. SpaceX claims it is a leader in satellite safety and has stated that a NASA program has already reviewed the anti-collision avoidance system for Starlink satellites. Each Starlink satellite is built with an anti-collision avoidance system capable of maneuvering the satellite. “If there is a 1/100,000 probability of collision (10x lower than the industry standard of 1/10,000) for a conjunction, the satellites will plan avoidance maneuvers,” the company said. SpaceX has teams of satellite operators to coordinate and respond to requests from other satellite companies, 24/7. The satellites were also tested for high reliability. SpaceX has launched more than 2,000 satellites for the first-generation Starlink network, with a failure rate of “just 1% after orbit raising.” According to satellite tracker and astrophysicist Jonathan McDowell, 358 Starlink satellites were deorbited. There were no reports of its wreckage reaching the ground. “To be clear, SpaceX satellites are designed and built to completely terminate during atmospheric re-entry, during end-of-life disposal, and they do that,” wrote David Goldstein, SpaceX principal engineer, in a letter sent to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the United States Congress, on October 9, 2023. All Starlink satellites operate in a “self-cleaning” low Earth orbit below 600 kilometers, meaning the satellites will naturally deorbit in five to six years and disintegrate in the atmosphere, generating no debris. “SpaceX is striving to be the most open and transparent satellite operator in the world,” the company added , “and we encourage other operators to join us in sharing orbital data and keeping the public and governments up to date with detailed information about operations and practices.” Additionally, the company said it is already openly sharing information about Starlink orbits with the FCC , the Federal Communications Commission, the US telecommunications and broadcasting regulator, and Space-Track.org , a public website. “Ultimately, space sustainability is a technical challenge that can be effectively managed with appropriate risk assessment, information exchange, and appropriate implementation of technology and operational controls,” SpaceX said. Starlink Mini: new launch of Starlink in the United States Available only in Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala and Panama, SpaceX has launched early sales of the Starlink Mini in the United States in June 2024, for a limited number of invited customers, for US$599. According to PCMag, in the United States, customers will also need to pay US$30 per month to receive internet via the portable antenna, as an add-on to their existing home service plan, which can currently cost US$90 or US$120. a month. Starlink Mini is a portable satellite dish that has built-in Wi-Fi that has the ability to transmit multiple 4K video streams simultaneously. The new antenna weighs 1.10 kg (2.43 lb), dimensions 289x259 mm (11.4x9.8 inches), with a size close to an Apple MacBook. This compares favorably to the regular Starlink satellite dish, which is larger: 51x30 cm (22.2x11.9 inches). The best part about the Starlink Mini antenna is that it has a built-in Wi-Fi router, so you won't need a separate router that attaches to your current Starlink antenna. SpaceX's Starlink Mini: Internet Anywhere! !³ - Source: Enlighten Hub Based on a speed test screenshot shared by Musk, Starlink Mini offers 100 Mbps download speed and 11.5 Mbps upload speed with 23 ms latency. This beats some landline and mobile phone connections while being good enough for streaming and surfing the net. The integrated Wi-Fi router supports WiFi 5 (802.11a/b/g/n/ac) and also has an Ethernet port with “Starlink Plug”. The Starlink Mini antenna has only two connectors: a DC pipe for the power supply external connector and an RJ45 network connector. If you need to extend coverage to a wider area, you'll be happy to know that the Starlink Mini antenna is mesh compatible with Starlink satellites, allowing you to wirelessly pair it with another Starlink router. The antenna comes with a power supply, but the specifications also suggest that it can be powered via USB-C PD, as long as the supply can supply 20V at 5A. Starlink Innovations The traditional satellite-connected Internet, which predated Starlink, works using large spacecraft that orbit 23,236 miles (35,686 km) above a specific point on Earth. But at this distance, there are often significant delays in sending and receiving data. By being closer to our planet and networks together, at a final orbital height of around 550 km, Starlink satellites operate with an advantage over traditional satellites. Starlink satellites were designed to transport large amounts of information quickly to any point on Earth, even over oceans and in extremely hard-to-reach places where fiber optic cables would be expensive to lay. Instead of sending internet signals through electrical cables, which must be physically laid down to reach distant places, satellite internet works by sending information through the vacuum of space, where it travels 47% faster than fiber optic cables, it said. o Business Insider. According to Mark Handley, a computer networking researcher at University College London, who studied Starlink, in an interview with Business Insider, each Starlink satellite is linked to four others, using lasers . No other internet-providing satellite does this, and that's what would make them special: they can beam data onto the Earth's surface at nearly the speed of light, bypassing the limitations of fiber optics. Laser technology has been integrated into Starlink satellites that have been sent into space starting in 2021. SpaceX hopes this move could allow satellite internet coverage to reach areas where ground stations cannot be built, explained Gwynne Shotwell , president and chief operating officer of SpaceX, on August 24, 2021, during the 36th Annual Space Symposium, in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. “This is the most exciting new network we’ve seen in a long time. Starlink satellites, in operation, can affect the lives of potentially everyone," said Mark Handley. For The Clarus Networks Group (2024), “[...] Its unique combination of global coverage, resiliency, high bandwidth, low latency and portable deployment capabilities is unmatched by any previous satellite internet system. Starlink empowers humanitarian workers, emergency teams and relief agencies to maintain vital connectivity and enable powerful applications like telehealth, remote education and real-time coordination – even after infrastructure-crippling disasters. Perhaps most importantly, Starlink represents a major step toward bridging the digital divide that has left so many underserved communities isolated from the immense opportunities of the internet age. By making broadband Internet accessible globally, Starlink can be the common thread that unlocks economic development, educational resources, financial inclusion and overall socioeconomic progress for those who need it most. The humanitarian impact of this technology is truly limitless as we work to create a more connected, resilient and equitable world."   By Luiz Cincurá luiz.cincura@high-techsociety.com   Grades: 1.Space Exploration Technologies Corporation, commonly referred to as SpaceX, was founded in 2002 by Elon Musk. It is an American spacecraft manufacturer, launch services provider, and satellite communications company headquartered in Hawthorne, California.   2.Also known as “ping”, latency is the time difference between the start of an event and the moment its effects become noticeable. In communications, latency is the time it takes for data to be transferred from one location to another. The greater the latency, the greater the delay in transmitting data and information. The lower the latency, the faster the data is transferred. 3. To display subtitles in your native language on YouTube videos, click on settings, English, click on English again and then click on auto translate . Next Scroll down until you find and click on your native language.   Sources: ASTRONOMY. BETZ, Eric. How do spaceX's Starlink satellites actually work? Available at: < https://www.astronomy.com/space-exploration/how-do-spacexs-starlink-satellites-actually-work/?utm_source=pocket_list > Accessed on: 29.jun.2024. SELF-EVOLUTION. AGATIE, Cristian. SpaceX To Launch Starlink Mini Portable Dish With Integrated Wi-Fi Router Soon . Available at: < https://www.autoevolution.com/news/spacex-to-launch-starlink-mini-portable-dish-with-integrated-wi-fi-router-soon-235510.html > Accessed at: 12 .Jul.2024. BUSINESSINSIDER. MOSHER, Dave. Elon Musk just revealed new details about Starlink, a plan to surround Earth with 12,000 high-speed internet satellites. Here's how it might work. Available at: < https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-starlink-satellite-internet-how-it-works-2019-5#cables-have-a-speed-limit-too-light-moves-through- the-vacuum-of-space-about-47-faster-than-it-can-through-solid-fiber-optic-glass-8 '> Accessed on: 29.jun.2024. CDN STAR. The Impact of Milliseconds on Connectivity: How Latency Affects the User Experience. Available at: < https://cdnstar.com.br/o-impacto-dos-miliseconds-na-conectividade-como-a-latencia-afeta-a-experiencia-do-usuario/ > Accessed on: 07.July. 2024. DIGITALTRENDS. TORBET, Georgina. Musk says Starlink satellite internet now enabled in Ukraine. Available at: < https://www.digitaltrends.com/space/spacex-starlink-ukraine/ > Accessed on: 29.jun.2024. DIGITALTRENDS. MOGG, Trevor. Elon Musk suggests Starlink now has 250K customers. Available at: < https://www.digitaltrends.com/space/elon-musk-starlink-250k-customers/ > Accessed on: 05.July.2024. PEOPLE'S GAZETTE. SESTREN, Gabriel. Starlink: satellite internet antennas donated by Musk arrive in RS. Available at: < https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/brasil/starlink-antenas-internet-via-satelite-doadas-elon-musk-chegam-rs/?#success=true > Accessed on: 29.jun .2024. PCMAG. KAN, Michel. SpaceX: Here's Why Starlink Poses No Orbital Hazard. Available at: < https://www.pcmag.com/news/spacex-heres-why-starlink-poses-no-orbital-hazard > Accessed on: 29.jun.2024. SPACE.COM . PULTAROVA, Teresa; HOWELL, Elisabeth . Includes contributions by DOBRIJEVIC, Daisy; MANN, Adam.. Starlink satellites: Facts, tracking and impact on astronomy. Available at: < https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-satellites.html?utm_source=pocket_shared > Accessed on: 28.jun.2024. SPACE.COM . GOHD, Chelsea. SpaceX paused Starlink launches to give its internet satellites lasers. Available at: < https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-internet-satellites-lasers-launch > Accessed on: 02.July.2024. SPACENEWS. RAINBOW, Jason. SpaceX slams FAA report on falling space debris Danger. Available at: < https://spacenews.com/spacex-slams-faa-report-on-falling-space-debris-danger/ > Accessed on: 04.July.2024. THE CLARUS NETWORK GROUP. The Power Of Starlink For Humanitarian Efforts . Available at: < https://www.clarus-networks.com/2024/05/28/the-power-of-starlink-for-humanitarian-efforts/ > Accessed on: 19.Jul.2024. THE REGISTER. ROBINSON, Dan. Starlink stuffs the internet into a backpack by invitation only . Available at: < https://www.theregister.com/2024/06/21/starlink_mini_invitation/ > Accessed on: 12.Jul.2024. USAID. Safeguards Internet Access in Ukraine through Public-Private-Partnership with SpaceX. Available at: < https://www.usaid.gov/news-information/press-releases/apr-05-2022-usaid-safeguards-internet-access-ukraine-through-public-private-partnership-spacex > Access at : 04.Jul.2024. WIKIPEDIA. Latency. Available at: < https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%C3%AAncia > Accessed on: 30.jun.2024. YAHOO! TECH. MOGG, Trevor. SpaceX's Starlink internet service reaches milestone . Available at: < https://www.yahoo.com/tech/spacex-reaches-milestone-starlink-internet-032052994.html?utm_source=pocket_list&guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9nZXRwb2NrZXQuY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHo7L4_jPm2FoIRZ J-U3lFZjagbmLXFEc2PGzPpkckXs1TELoHilTQVvi8fxGmvWxfttT1bs9tJMM28swv5Iv6FAcPr8zv-AdYotP-Gz-j74Y_mEI9tjITK_bmJnUvGvhztJyYLZFJfUnV5sQxAT3_jQfgae_ E7RQ368ZXf1j2ai> Access at : 29.jun.2024.

147 LIVE CAMERAS, FROM DIFFERENT PLACES AROUND THE WORLD CHRISTMAS MUSIC IN THIS VIDEO We wish You a Merry Christmas Ⓒ CC BY 4.0, Twin Musicom ( twinmusicom.org ), Auld Lang Syne (Instrumental) 12 Days of Christmas (Instrumental) Carol Of The Bells CC BY 4.0, Audionautix ( audionautix.com ) Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring CC BY 4.0, Kevin MacLeod Canon and Variation Twin Musicom ( twinmusicom.org ) Angels We Have Heard 4.0, Kevin MacLeod, O Come All Ye Faithful (Instrumental) Saw Three Ships Audionautix ( audionautix.com ) It Came Upon a Midnight Clear CC BY 4.0, Kevin MacLeod O Christmas Tree (Instrumental) Deck the Halls (Instrumental) Jingle Bells (Instrumental) Hark the Herald Angels Sing (Instrumental) Silent Night (Instrumental) First Noel (Instrumental) We Wish You a Merry Christmas (Instrumental) Silent Night (Jazz) Oh Little Town of Bethlehem (Instrumental) Deck the Halls (Instrumental Jazz) Up on the Housetop (Instrumental) Jolly Old St Nicholas (Instrumental) Joy to the World (Instrumental Jazz) We Wish You a Merry Christmas (Instrumental Jazz) 1:01:34 I Jingle Bells (Instrumental Jazz). Ⓒ Free to use

Astronomy is often described as the oldest science, given the fascination that the universe has always exerted on people of all ages and cultures. Astronomy rrently uses sophisticated technology and is considered one of the most modern and dynamic sciences. One of the organizations that greatly contributes to the advancement of Astronomy is   ESO , European Southern Observatory, a prominent intergovernmental science and technology organization in astronomy. A helps scientists from all over the world discover the secrets of the Universe, which consequently benefits the entire society . Founded in 1962, headquartered in Garching, Germany ESO develops an ambitious program focused on  design , construction and operation of powerful observatories and promotes and organizes cooperations in astronomical research. On its website, ESO informs that it has more than 750 employees from around 30 countries and countless collaborators from all over the world. There are more than 22,000 users from around 130 different countries, who have access to services, technology and data.   ESO operates three observatories in the Atacama Desert in Chile: La Silla, Paranal and Chajnantor. LA SILLA OBSERVATORY O  La Silla ,_first ESO observatory to come into operation in the late 1960s, it is located on the La Silla mountain, at an altitude of 2350 m, 600 km north of Santiago de Chile. It is equipped with several optical telescopes. The mirrors have a diameter of up to 3.6 meters. ESO's main optical instruments in La Silla are a 3.6 m reflector, opened in 1976; the 3.5 m New Technology Telescope (NTT), opened in 1989; a 2.2 m reflector jointly owned by the Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, opened in 1984. 2009 and is now operated by Yale University.  Instruments at La Silla owned by individual nations include a 1.54 m Danish reflector opened in 1979 and the 1.2 m Leonhard Euler telescope owned by the Geneva Observatory, opened in 2000 . Credit: ESO . Directed by: Nico Bartmann. Editing: Nico Bartmann. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Laura Hiscott and Calum Turner. Music: John Stanford — The Edge ( johnstanfordmusic.com ). Footage and photos: ESO, G. Hüdepohl ( atacamaphoto.com ), L. Calçada, J. Pérez, Liam Young/Unknown Fields. Scientific consultant: Paola Amico and Mariya Lyubenova. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen. CERRO PARANAL OBSERVATORY The ESO observatory in Cerro Paranal is situated on a mountain in the northern part of the Atacama Desert in Chile . VLT-Very Large Telescope , one of the most advanced systems in the world, consisting of four Main Telescopes with main mirrors measuring 8.2 m in diameter and four mobile Auxiliary Telescopes measuring 1.8 m in diameter. This is the trailer for the Very Large Telescope (VLT), located in Paranal, Chile. Credit: ESO Footage and photos: ESO, C. Malin ( christophmalin.com ) ,  Liam Young , B. Tafreshi ( twanight.org ), G. Hüdepohl ( atacamaphoto.com ), F. Kamphues, G. Lombardi ( glphoto.it ), S. Gillessen, F. Char, H. Zodet and Y. Beletsky ( LCO ). Music by  Movetwo . THE ESO CERRO PARANAL HOTEL Under the summit, at a At a height of around 2,400 meters, you will find the Hotel ESO no Cerro Paranal. It has housed the Paranal Observatory in Chile since 2002. It is mainly used for scientists and ESO engineers who work there in a scale system, which houses them in stays. The ESO Hotel at Cerro Paranal  has been called a "guesthouse on Mars", because the desert surroundings are similar to Mars and an "Oasis for astronomers" . It is not a commercial hotel, and the public cannot reserve rooms. For the relatively short time of your stays under weather conditions extremes – intense sun, extreme dryness, high wind speeds, large temperature fluctuations and the danger of earthquakes – the hotel was built in  place far from the civilization where they can relax and rest between strenuous work phases. The exterior of the hotel was featured in the 2008 film 007, Quantum of Solace , in which the structure was portrayed as a fictional eco-hotel in Bolivia. A miniature of the hotel was built by the visual effects team for the scenes in which the hotel, in the film, is destroyed by fire. ESO Paranal and the ESO Cerro Paranal Hotel were the film set for 007, "Quantum of Scolace" Credit: ESO Visual design and editing: Martin Kornmesser and Luis Calçada. Cinematography: Peter Rixner. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Lars Holm Nielsen and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Henri Boffin, Lee Pullen and Lars Lindberg Christensen. Host: Dr. J. Narration: Lee Pullen. Music: Paulo Raimundo; lcg//moulinex. Footage and photos: Sony Pictures, EON Productions Ltd., QUANTUM OF SOLACE / © 2008 Danjaq, United Artists, CPII., 007 TM and related James Bond Trademarks, TM Danjaq & ESO. Directed by: Lars Lindberg Christensen. CHAJNANTOR OBSERVATORY The Chajnantor Observatory is operated by Caltech - California Institute of Technology in collaboration with the University of Chile and the University of Concepción and is located at an altitude of 5080 meters (16700 feet) in the Andes Mountains in northern Chile. The high, dry Chajnantor plateau is one of the best places in the world for millimeter and submillimeter astronomy. The first observatory instrument, the Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) is housed in a retractable dome that provides some protection from rain, snow and wind. On most days, the wind in Chajnantor peaks in the late afternoon at around 15 m/s (30 mph). Under these conditions, cold is a serious problem, but the dome provides a sheltered workspace where it is possible to  repair and maintain the CBI. The dome is a hemispherical steel structure covered with polyester fabric, housed in a wall 2 m high and 10.5 m in diameter. The CBI and its dome require concrete support plates, but this is the only construction work on the site. All other installations are in ISO standard shipping containers placed directly on the ground. This modest approach to site infrastructure reduces costs, reduces maintenance burden and has a very low impact on the environment. Observatory facilities include a control room, laboratory, mechanical workshop, power plant, two workrooms/bedrooms and a bathroom – all inside the shipping containers. To counteract the effects of high altitude, the air in working and living areas is enriched with oxygen (using molecular sieves to separate oxygen from air), and people who work outside can use portable oxygen tanks with demand regulators when needed to improve efficiency and safety. The power plant and fuel tanks are located about 100 m east of the CBI; Average power consumption for the site is around 100 kW and the plant has a pair of diesel generators rated for 150 kW at 5000 m. The base facilities are located at Residencia Don Esteban, in the historic oasis town of San Pedro de Atacama, at an altitude of 2500 m. These include bedrooms, kitchen, conference room and computer room. The observatory is partially supported by SAINT , Strategic Alliance for the Implementation of New Technologies, a consortium formed by twelve institutions: the California Institute of Technology This consortium was formed for studies and research into fundamental problems in physics which can be resolved by observations of the cosmic microwave background radiation and research into a variety of new astrophysical planes. Below see the trailer for ALMA, the largest astronomical project in existence. A state-of-the-art telescope that studies light with wavelengths of around one millimeter, emitted by some of the coldest objects in the Universe, ALMA is a cooperation of the European Observatory do Sul (ESO), together with its international partners. The ALMA site is the Chajnantor plateau, 5000 m above sea level, in northern Chile, one of the driest places on Earth. Credit: ESO ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), C. Malin ( christophmalin.com ), P. Horálek, Liam Young, B. Tafreshi ( twanight.org ), J. J. Tobin (University of Oklahoma/Leiden University), M. Kaufman, Theofanis N. Matsopoulos, H. H. Heyer, S Argandoña and H. Zodet. Music by Movetwo. ESO undoubtedly has a sophisticated technological structure and, with its 61 years of existence, a natural curiosity would be to know some of its main scientific results, which will be seen below. TEN SPACE DISCOVERIES FROM THE ESO OBSERVATORY, BY ELIZABETH HOWELL , SPACE.COM 1.OBSERVING THE COSMOS Since the first telescope began operating in 1966, ESO has brought about many changes in the way we perceive the Universe. Astronomers observed the acceleration of the Universe as it expanded and learned more about what the young Universe looked like. ESO telescopes have also taken photographs of distant planets and helped measure the weight of gigantic stars. 2. FIRST ACCURATE MEASUREMENTS OF PLUTO AND CHARON (1986) By observing the light curve of Pluto and its moon Charon during eclipses with ESO La Silla telescopes, astronomers were able to reduce the size of both objects. Pluto, then considered a planet, has a diameter of approximately 1367 miles (2200 kilometers). Its largest moon, Charon, has been measured at about 721 miles (1160 kilometers). 3.PIONEERING IN ADAPTIVE OPTICS (1989) ESO was one of the first observatories to test "adaptive optics", a technique used to make corrections for turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere. A telescopic mirror, connected to a computer, automatically adjusts as the atmosphere flexes. This allows light to reach the telescope with greater precision – meaning we can see further into space. Adaptive optics is a standard technique used today. 4.EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE ACCELERATING (1998) By studying the brightness of stellar explosions, researchers have discovered that the universe is not just expanding, but accelerating as it grows. Telescopes at ESO and other observatories, including the Hubble Space Telescope, have determined this through measurements of Type Ia supernovae. The main discoverers were awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics. 5.CONFIRMING THE UNIVERSE'S HOT PAST (2000) Researchers were able to obtain the temperature of the Big Bang echo – cosmic microwave background radiation – from when the universe was just 2.5 billion years old. An ESO telescope has taken spectrum measurements of a quasar, which is a bright, distant galaxy powered by a huge black hole. The quasar's glow showed that the universe was hotter than it is now. 6.THE BLUEEST YEARS IN THE UNIVERSE (2003) From observations with ESO's Very Large Telescope, astronomers discovered the color of the young universe, 2.5 billion years old, was much bluer than it is today because it was full of young, blue stars. Because blue stars emit more light than ancient stars — and the universe has as much light now as in the past — the findings suggest that there were fewer stars in the early years of the universe. 7. CONNECTING GAMMA RAYS WITH SUPERNOVAS (2003) After a gamma-ray burst shone in the constellation Leo on March 29, 2003, Australian and Japanese telescopes detected a bright light source in the same location within 90 minutes. ESO telescopes then captured the first spectrum of the object. They discovered that this large supernova or "hypernova" was 2.65 billion light years away, and were able to link it to the gamma-ray burst. 8.THE GREATEST STAR OF ALL TIME (2010) The biggest star ever, R136a1 is 165,000 light-years away from Earth and more than twice the size scientists thought stars could get. This magnificent discovery was made possible using ESO's Very Large Telescope and confirmed with archival data from the Hubble Space Telescope. 9. FIRST DIRECT SPECTRUM OF AN EXOPLANET (2010) Scientists used ESO's Very Large Telescope to detect the chemical composition of a planet about 130 light-years from Earth. This planet is about 10 times the size of Jupiter, with a surface temperature of 1472 degrees Fahrenheit (800 degrees Celsius). This was the first time the spectrum was observed from direct observations of a planet. 10.EARTH-SIZED PLANET FOUND IN NEXT STAR SYSTEM (2012) A planet with approximately the same mass as Earth has been discovered near Alpha Centauri B, which is part of a three-star system just 4.3 light-years from Earth. An ESO telescope at La Silla detected the planet by measuring the star's wobbles. The planet is causing Alpha Centauri B to move back and forth at 1.1 miles (1.8 kilometers) per hour, the same speed as a crawling baby . THE INNOVATIVE ELT The Extremely Large Telescope (ELT)   from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) is a revolutionary ground-based telescope that will have a 39-meter main mirror and will be the world's largest telescope for visible and infrared light: the world's largest eye on the sky. Construction of this technically complex project, which began 9 years ago, is progressing at a good pace, with the ELT now surpassing the 50% completion mark. The telescope is located at the top of Cerro Armazones, in the desert of Atacama, Chile, where engineers and construction workers are currently assembling the telescope's dome structure at an impressive pace. Visibly changing every day, the steel structure will soon acquire the familiar round shape typical of telescope domes. As per the words of ESO Director General, Xavier Barcons, "The ELT is the largest of the next generation of optical and near-infrared telescopes based on land and what is most advanced in its construction. Reaching 50% completion is no small feat given the challenges inherent in large, complex projects, and it was only possible thanks to the commitment of everyone at ESO, the continued support of ESO Member States, and the involvement of our partners in industry and instrument consortia. I am extremely proud that ELT has reached this milestone." ESO ELT Video Credit: ESO . Directed by: Martin Wallner Editing: Martin Wallner Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida Written by: Martin Wallner Consultants: Bárbara Ferreira, Michele Cirasuolo Music: Jon Kennedy – You, You and You Footage and photos: ESO, G. Hüdepohl ( atacamaphoto .com ), L. Calcada, M. Kornmesser, A. Tsaouis, M. Wallner, H. Zodet, SCHOTT, APICAL Acknowledgments: R. Parra, G. Vecchia, CIMOLAI, SCHOTT ESO Observatory: Science and Technology in Astronomy Sources: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. Chajnantor Observatory . Available in < https://sites.astro.caltech.edu/chajnantor/ > Access at 25 dez.2023. CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. Chajnantor Observatory: Strategic Alliance for the Implementation of New Technologies (SAINT) . Available in < https://sites.astro.caltech.edu/chajnantor/saint/ > Access at 25 dez.2023. EUROPEAN SUTHERN OBSERVATORY . Observatories La Silla, Chajnantor and Paranal . Available in < www.eso.org/public > Access at 25 dez.2023 HOWELL, Elizabeth. 10 Space Discoveries by the European Southern Observatory.  Available in < https://www.space.com/18665-european-southern-observatory-major-discoveries.html > Access at 26 dez.2023. JORNAL FOLHA DE S. PAULO – 19 set.2010 – página A22 OXFORD REFERENCE. La Silla Observatory. Available in < https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100052390 > Access at 26 dez.2023. WIKIPÉDIA. ESO Hotel .   Available in < https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESO_Hotel > Access at 26 dez.2023.

PISA, the International Program for Student Assessment, is a three-yearly, systematic, prospective and comparative assessment of international level, focused on the areas of Mathematics, Science and Language, for students between 15 years and three months of age and up to 16 years and two months of age. deity. Each cycle emphasizes one of the three areas mentioned, with the highlighted area of each cycle absorbing around 60% of the test questions and the other areas, 20% for each of them.   The area with the greatest weight in the PISA 2022 assessments was mathematics. PISA 2022 established an innovation in assessment, the creative thinking test. It focuses on the skills that 21st century students need as organizations and societies around the world rely on innovation and knowledge creation to meet emerging challenges. The PISA creative thinking test examined students' abilities to generate diverse and original ideas and to evaluate and improve ideas, in various contexts or "domains". The assessment included four domains: written expression, visual expression, social problem solving and scientific problem solving. In each of these domains, students engaged with open-ended tasks that did not have a single correct answer. They were asked to provide multiple and distinct responses, or to generate a response that was unconventional. These responses could take the form of a solution to a problem, a creative text, or a visual artifact. Stimulating creative thinking strengthens the ability to adapt in an increasingly complex and dynamic reality in which knowledge and the capacity for innovation can be decisive in finding solutions for a world in constant and rapid change. The assessment is promoted by the OECD - Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It is an intergovernmental entity that aims to promote the economic and social development of its members, the industrialized countries. It should be noted, however, that participation in PISA is not restricted to OECD members, as it also includes guest countries. ​According to the Report “ PISA 2022 Results - The State of Learning and Equity in Education ", released in December/2023 by the OECD, the first report volume of a total of five report volumes presented , 690,000 students were assessed, representing 29 million students worldwide, from 81 countries and economies, in 2022. PISA is the first large-scale study to collect data on the performance, well-being and equity of students. students before and after the shutdowns and adversities caused by the  COVID-19 pandemic. According to the report, PISA 2022 is much more than educational excellence. It is also about equity in education, so that all students, regardless of background, can have a fair opportunity to reach their full potential. ​PISA is a powerful comparative source of international level in the educational area, which can greatly contribute to strengthening inclusive public educational policies for countries committed to developing good quality education, a fundamental step towards social transformation that allow for greater prosperity, labor and economic inclusion, as better-established basic education training is an important step towards generating future professionals who are better prepared to serve society in various areas of knowledge. The report concluded that, despite challenging circumstances, 31 countries and economies have managed to at least maintain their performance in mathematics since PISA 2018. Among these, Australia, Japan, Korea, Singapore and Switzerland have maintained or further increased their already high levels of achievement. performance of its students, with scores ranging from 487 to 575 points (OECD average 472). These countries presented converging aspects, such as a shorter school closure period, fewer obstacles to remote learning and continued support for students, from teachers and parents. Many countries have also made significant progress towards universal secondary education, which is critical to enabling equality of opportunity and full participation in the economy. Among them, Cambodia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Indonesia, Morocco, Paraguay and Romania have rapidly expanded education to previously marginalized populations over the past decade. Ten countries and economies recorded a large percentage of 15-year-olds with confirmed basic proficiency in math, reading and science with education that was highly equitable and provided high levels of socioeconomic justice: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Hong Kong, Ireland, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Macau and the United Kingdom. The OECD report also points out that, across OECD countries, around three-quarters of students reported being confident in using various technologies, including learning management systems, school learning platforms and video communication programs. However, technology used for leisure rather than instruction, such as mobile phone technology, often appears to be associated with the worst outcomes. Students who reported that they are distracted by other students using digital devices in at least some math classes scored 15 points less than students who reported that this never or almost never happens. Support from teachers is particularly important in times of instability, namely through the provision of additional services, pedagogical and motivational support to students, according to PISA 2022. ​The systematic work of PISA, throughout its three-year applications, reinforces the resilience of educational systems in order to act from the perspective of growth in equal opportunities, which will certainly provide greater training and empowerment of young people to the success. Countries that are engaged and have the political will to reserve the space and importance it deserves for education are certainly aware and certain that this is the path to generation and longevity from an economic and social development perspective. Sources: CREATIVITYEXCHANGE. The PISA 2022 Creative Thinking Test . Bill Lucas explores the significance of the first global assessment of creative thinking. Available at < https://www.creativityexchange.org.uk/ideas-hub/the-pisa-2022-creative-thinking-test > Accessed on 22.Feb.2024. FACTSMAPS. PISA 2022. Worldwide Ranking. Disponível em Acesso em 23.fev.2022. OECD (2023), PISA 2022 Results (Volume I): The State of Learning and Equity in Education , PISA, OECD Publishing, Paris, Available at < https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en > Accessed on 19.feb.2024. WAISELFISZ, Julio Jacob. Science teaching in Brazil and PISA . Sangari from Brazil. 1st.Ed., 2009.

It has been 20 years since Concorde was retired on October 24, 2003, after its last journey between New York and London.  From its first commercial flight, on 01/21/1976 and for 27 years, Concorde transported almost four million people and carried out 50 thousand supersonic flights. However, high operating costs, high fares and a serious plane crash, among other factors, led to the closure of the first commercial plane to exceed the speed of sound. The (privileged) supersonic passengers were nostalgic for these flights, which were carried out by 14 Concordes. The Concorde flew at 2,200 km/h per hour - almost twice the speed of sound - at an altitude of 18,000 meters. Thus, it was able to fly between Paris and New York in just 3h45min, allowing the passenger, depending on the time zones, to "arrive in New York before leaving Paris". Despite the long passage of time since the last flight, commercial supersonics will be back. They will be produced by a startup, whose purpose is to reactivate supersonic commercial aviation, in a safer, more economical and more sustainable way. This new technological challenge has as its protagonist the startup Boom Supersonic , a manufacturing company based in Colorado, USA that is developing the “ Overture Supersonic ” aircraft project. The first plane is expected to leave the factory in 2026 and by 2029 Boom Supersonic intends to start supersonic commercial flights. Boom's current timeline targets a first flight in 2027 and certification of the aircraft in 2029, which would have it ready to enter service shortly thereafter. According to the CEO of Boom Supersonic, there is a challenge to be overcome: democratizing access to supersonic commercial aviation, as Concorde flights were elitist. "We set out with a very big and audacious goal of creating the first supersonic plane in which tens of millions of people can fly,"  told Blake Scholl, founder and CEO of Boom Supersonic, to CNN. "Supersonic travel, in my opinion, is about bringing the world closer together. Our ultimate vision is supersonic flight for all passengers on all routes." The Overture's engine will be the Symphony, which was designed with special attention to noise, one of the Concorde's biggest disadvantages: "It must be efficient in supersonic flights, but also silent for takeoff and landing," commented Scholl. The Symphony engine was designed to run entirely on SAF, Sustainable Aviation Fuel, a type of aviation fuel whose production methods promise to reduce carbon emissions by up to 80%, according to IATA, the International Air Transport Association. Boom is also committed to achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2040. All of these sustainability purposes will be assessed in the certification process. The aircraft is being designed to carry between 64 and 80 passengers, at a speed of Mach 1.7 which represents 2,100 km/hour or 1,304 miles/hour, at an altitude of 60,000 feet or 18,000 meters. It is projected that Overture will be able to travel between London and New York in around three and a half hours, cutting travel time in half compared to traditional commercial flights. The Overture Supersonic factory is under construction, starting in January 2023, in Greensboro, North Carolina, USA, at the Piedmont Triad International Airport . With a significant portion of the exterior building constructed, the Overture Superfactory continues to take shape and remains on track for completion in 2024. The factory will include a final assembly line, a testing facility and a customer delivery center. Boom has been building the campus in sections, focusing first on the final assembly line, where it will have the capacity to produce up to 33 Overture aircraft per year, which could grow to 66 per year with the addition of a second line. Overture Superfactory will occupy approximately 150,000 square feet, equivalent to 13,935 m² with an additional 24,000 square feet, equivalent to 2,229 m² of office space. "Our vision for Piedmont Triad International Airport is to become the center of aviation innovation ," said Kevin Baker, Executive Director of the Piedmont Triad Airport Authority. "Boom is positioned to define the next century of progress in air travel, and we are proud to see its vision taking shape in our backyard with the Overture Superfactory in the Triad." Boom says it will bring more than 1,750 jobs to North Carolina by 2030, expanding to a total of more than 2,400 jobs by 2032. North Carolina economists estimate the Overture Superfactory will grow the state's economy by at least $32 .3 billion in 20 years. To date, three airlines have placed purchase orders for the Overture Supersonic:  United Airlines, American Airlines and Japan Airlines, with a total of 130 orders. Sources: ABC11. Boom wants supersonic plane travel for everyone - but can it deliver? Available at: https://abc11.com/boom-supersonic-airplane-overture/13592668/> Accessed on: 24.fev.2024. BOOM. Boom Supersonic Reaches Overture Superfactory Milestone. Available at: Accessed on: 24.fev.2024. CNN. PRISCO, Jacopo. Boom wants supersonic plane travel for everyone — but can it deliver?  Available at: < https://www.cnn.com/travel/boom-supersonic-ambitions-scn/index.html > Accessed on: 24.Feb.2024. G1 PORTAL. Discover Overture, a supersonic plane project that will have twice the speed of current aircraft . Available at: < https://g1.globo.com/inovacao/noticia/2022/08/17/conheca-o-overture-projeto-de-aviao-supersonico-que-tera-o-dobro-da-velocidade- das-aeronaves-atuais.ghtml > Accessed on: 24.dec.2024>. PRNEWSWIRE. (News provided by Boom Supersonic). Boom Supersonic Reaches Overture Superfactory Milestone . Available at: < https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/boom-supersonic-reaches-overture-superfactory-milestone-301933449.html > Accessed on: Feb 26, 2024. FROG. The_ultima_of_concorde (2008).  < http://dn.sapo.pt/2005/12/02/boa_vida/o_ultimo_do_concorde.html > Link discontinued. TAYLOR, Chris. ACG PIEDMONT TRIAD NETWORK. Boom Supersonic - Building the Supersonic Future . Available at: < https://www.acg.org/piedmont-triad-network/events/boom-supersonic-building-supersonic-future > Access at : 25.Feb.2024. TRADE AND INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT. Piedmont Triad International Embraces Aerospace Innovation . Available at: < https://www.tradeandindustrydev.com/industry/aerospace-defense/piedmont-triad-international-embraces-aerospace-31970 > Accessed on: 25.feb.2024. VIDEO FROM SPACE. NY to London in 3.5 hours? Meet Boom Supersonic's 'Overture' aircraft.  Available at: < https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KB0ME_6_gSk > Accessed on: 25.Feb.2024.

Heat waves, strong winds, torrential rains, in short, intense environmental events, which affect certain cities more frequently and, in addition, locations most affected by climate change, lack protected urban infrastructure installations of wires and cables to avoid the risk of falls energy, general damage and electrical shocks that can be fatal. As most of the risks in large cities are in overhead cables, taking power cables underground is an important measure. In more detail below, we can say that overhead electrical cable structures have considerable disadvantages. Overhead wires are much more sensitive to failure during storms than underground cables. The loss of electrical energy causes major economic disruptions. The cost of maintaining and repairing damaged lines is often borne by utility company customers. Overhead wires have sparked many of the disastrous fires that have devastated large areas, which have been reported in the press in recent years, causing loss of life and property. This is because sparks from OHL (overhead lines) are routinely identified as the cause of fires in dry areas. When extreme weather events occur, first responders must deal with downed and exposed high-voltage power lines, a major hazard associated with the adversity of power loss, while trying to deal with medical emergencies. Removing these threats makes it easier for emergency teams to save lives. The risk of contact by passers-by with downed wires in cities can cause exposure to intense electrical discharges with a risk of death. But you would be wrong to imagine that the search for a better solution to the problems arising from overhead electrical wires is recent. Long ago, many countries made investments in urban infrastructure using underground cables and, to this day, enjoy significant benefits. The pioneering experience in the news took place 134 years ago, in 1890, with the first successful installation carried out by Vincent de Ferranti, using his famous 10,000 volt concentric cable, in the United Kingdom. Underground utilization is the most comprehensive and effective solution to reducing the impact of utility wires. The practice is common in the Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany and England, which, in addition to the natural beauty they offer, took care and precaution to guarantee a “clean” and safe scenic view, with their wires and cables far from sight. and protected against adverse weather conditions, installed underground. But underground cabling efforts are not limited to the aforementioned countries. In Australia, for example, the Infrastructure Project entitled “Powering Sydney's Future” carried out through densely populated suburban areas, started from the observation that the electricity transmission networks that were built in the 1960s and 1970s and some underground cables, were approaching the end of their useful lives. As Sydney's population grew, demand for electricity increased and replacing aging infrastructure would ensure future supply for residents and businesses in Sydney and surrounding suburbs. Thus, in 2022, Australian energy company Transgrid completed the main construction works of the Powering Sydney's Future project. Although higher voltage lines tend to be tied to overhead cables, this does not mean that higher voltage cables are unfeasible underground in large cities. Aerial cables are installed much more easily compared to underground cables. It also has the benefit of open natural ventilation, which prevents cables from overheating. However, this does not mean that higher voltage cables are unfeasible underground in large cities (in areas of high energy consumption), which can coexist with the predominant lower voltage cables. Despite the closed underground environment, the tunnels can be cooled, improving the temperature conditions of the cables. In London, beneath its busy streets, there are miles of 8-foot-wide concrete tunnels lined with power distribution cables that can reach extremely high temperatures. To cool the tunnels, vertical shafts spaced every kilometer or two supply fresh air and eject hot air into the open air. UNDERGROUND CABLING STRUCTURE IN LONDON Researchers at London South Bank University (LSBU) , in 2019, developed a study with the aim of using this waste heat. A typical 1.8km stretch of tunnel between ventilation shafts produces 400 kilowatts of heat, enough to heat 100 homes or a small commercial office. This was discovered by researchers in a preliminary analysis carried out with the city's electricity grid operator, UK Power Networks. A project started in 2018 to provide underground cabling for London is underway. Scheduled to be completed and fully operational in 2027, London Power Tunnels Two is underway to build 32km of tunnels and two substations in north London – claimed to be the first major investment in the capital's electricity transmission system in over of half a century. Three meters in diameter, the tunnels have a lifespan of more than 100 years – although the high-voltage cables they carry will need to be replaced more regularly to meet future demand and facilitate the growth of entire systems across the city. This issue of changing high voltage cables, according to Lesur (2021), the current generation of underground systems requires less maintenance, and renovation is only necessary every 40 or 50 years, which is the specified useful life of a transmission line and cables are generally buried to a depth of 3 ft/0.9144 m for distribution networks, and 4 ft/1.2192 m or 5 ft/1.524 m for transmission networks. In terms of safety, there is no disturbance to the ground surface when a short circuit occurs or a very high amount of energy is released, because the ground contains the fault, states Lesur (2021), who also argues that the ground also protects against damage caused by third parties, as long as proper authorization procedures are followed before excavation, especially in urban areas. According to Lesur (2021), underground systems require very little maintenance, as the insulation is made of extruded plastic ¹ (a passive component). There is no fluid under pressure or potential leakage. Overhead lines, on the other hand, need monitoring and maintenance to avoid corrosion (frequent painting of metal supports) and require maintenance against weather risks (lightning strikes, storms, ice, sticky snow). Studies also show that losses dissipated due to heating by the Joule effect ² are smaller for underground cables due to the use of pure copper and aluminum, while aluminum and steel alloys are necessary for the mechanical strength of bare overhead conductors, according to Lesur (2021). It is worth mentioning that not only countries most affected by natural events should have the initiative to build infrastructure of underground wires and cables, but also cities that have used, to exhaustion, wire structures and overhead cables, suspended from poles. This reality has generated a series of adverse situations, such as tangled and fallen wires, due to accumulation on poles, risks of power outages and exposure to intense electrical discharges, which can affect passers- by with the risk of death. ACCUMULATION OF DISORDERED OVERHEAD WIRES, FALLEN AND CROSSING THE ROAD PHOTO: © high-techsociety.com By placing cabling underground, most of the harsh weather conditions that traditional transmission infrastructures are exposed to can be avoided. This largely refers to precipitation and windstorms, which can cause damage to overhead power lines directly or indirectly through falling trees, resulting in power outages. Underground cabling can alleviate the need for additional and more frequent investment in transmission infrastructure maintenance and repairs. Expected benefits include a more secure energy supply with fewer instances of weather-related power outages, while realizing long-term cost savings due to reduced maintenance and repairs, ensuring predictability for diverse business segments. Underground cable lines have many advantages and benefits over overhead lines and are gaining momentum for safety, reliability and cost-effectiveness. It is observed that underground cabling has higher costs for construction and implementation of physical structures, costs for purchasing inputs, civil works, installations, but in the long term its savings and safety advantages are unquestionable. On the other hand, despite the initial advantage of airlines, of much lower construction and implementation costs for physical structures, they concentrate higher costs related to operation and maintenance. This is because they operate with a certain instability, directly associated with climatic conditions, causing unpredictable interruptions in the energy supply and may result in various costs to be borne by individuals, companies in general and industries, both to cover necessary maintenance costs arising from the adversity. of time, as well as to support losses resulting from loss of food that requires conservation in refrigerators and freezers, as well as losses resulting from interruptions in production activities. One way to guarantee the economic viability of these projects, with greater viability for large cities, is the union between service providers and governments, not only in sharing the costs involved, which are highly high, but also in the temporal integration of projects. The construction of an underground structure represents a valuable opportunity for modernizing structures, not only for public and private companies that provide public energy services, but also for water service providers, with their pipes and for telephone and internet service providers. , via optical cables. Grades: ¹ The extruded plastic profile is manufactured using an extruder machine that melts granulated plastics, normally from recycling processes. In this machine, the plastic is melted through a cylinder that is heated by electrical resistance. ² The Joule Effect is the transformation of electrical energy into thermal energy when electric current passes through a conductor. Sources: THE UTILITY WEEK EVENT. Digging 32km of 'Power Tunnels' beneath London . Available at < https://utilityweek.co.uk/digging-32km-of-power-tunnels-beneath-london/ > Accessed on March 23, 2024. CLIMATE ADAPT. Replacing overhead lines with underground cables in Finland . Available at < https://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu/en/metadata/case-studies/replacing-overhead-lines-with-underground-cables-in-finland > Accessed on March 21, 2024. LESUR, Frédéric. Power Grid International. Why underground cables are a better long-term choice for utilities . Available at < https://www.power-grid.com/td/why-underground-cables-are-a-better-long-term-choice-for-utilities/#gref > Accessed on March 21, 2024. MACPHEE, Brian. Quora. Available at < https://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-UK-power-lines-underground > Accessed on March 22, 2024. PATEL, Prachi. IEEE Spectrum . London's Hidden Cable Tunnels Could Warm Thousands of Homes . Available at < https://spectrum.ieee.org/londons-hidden-cable-tunnels-could-warm-thousands-of-homes > Accessed on March 23, 2024. SCENIC AMERICA . Undergrounding Utility Infrastructure: Burying Utilities for Safety, Resiliency, and Scenic Beauty . Available at < https://www.scenic.org/why-scenic-conservation/energy-infrastructure-and-equity/undergrounding-utility-infrastructure/ > Accessed on March 21, 2024. TRASGRID . Powering Sydney's Future . Available at Accessed on March 21, 2024.

The fun and futuristic cartoon “The Jetsons”, from the studio Hanna-Barbera Productions, by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, was released on September 23, 1962, already with prominence. It was the first TV series broadcast in color by a TV station, the American Broadcasting Company (ABC). It was ahead of its time for several reasons, including that, at that time, only 3% of the North American public owned color televisions. The series The Jetsons was about the life of the Jetsons family who lived in the year 2062 and the future was presented to us: urban transport through flying vehicles, suspended cities, automated work, robots as domestic servants, video conferences, among other situations. This touched the fantasy and imagination of children and adults, precisely because it portrayed a world that did not exist, a science fiction world. 63 years after the cartoon The Jetsons, the startup Archer Aviation , responsible for developing the innovative Midnight , an electric eVTOL vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, aims to make urban transport a reality through eVTOL flying vehicles, which take off, land and hover vertically like a helicopter. Archer's Midnight eVTOL aircraft. (Photo: Business Wire) Archer Aviation's Director of Safety, Billy Nolen, stated at the Dubai Airshow that there is a possibility of the Midnight arriving on the market as early as next year, in 2025, which depends on regulatory approval by the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). . It is worth mentioning that, last year, Midnight received its Special Airworthiness Certificate from the FAA, which paved the way for it to begin test flight operations, having recently completed this first phase. Archer Aviation is one of several companies developing eVTOL. However, the consensus is that Archer and Joby Aviation are the two companies that are furthest along in their development. The first phase of construction of the Archer factory, in Covington, Georgia, USA, is scheduled to end in 2024, with the installation of 350,000 square feet, equivalent to 32,516 m² that will be able to produce 600 aircraft per year. However, Archer will not be able to use its facilities to their full potential until it obtains FAA type certification for Midnight. This validates the design of the aircraft and its components, in compliance with strict safety standards. Midnight has a flight range of approximately 100 miles/160 km, which can be completed on a single charge. but it is optimized for shorter consecutive flights of around 20 miles or 32 km, with 10 minutes of charging between trips, via plug-in. A maximum cruising speed of 150 mph, equivalent to 240 km/h, transitions to cruising at a speed of around 100 mph or 160 km/h. Midnight is powered by six independent batteries, each supporting a pair of electric motors (2 Magidrive EPUs). Midnight is configured to operate with one pilot and up to four passengers and luggage. The Midnight not only stands out for its speed and sustainability, but also for its design - the aircraft has 12 electric propellers, a high main wing, a V-tail and a tricycle landing gear with fixed wheels, thus promising its passengers greater safety and less noise compared to conventional helicopters. Archer's Midnight aircraft won the Muse 2023 Transportation Design of the Year award. The MUSE Design Awards is an international design competition dedicated to recognizing outstanding and original design work from around the world. Archer's team of design professionals is led by Julien Montousse, former head of design at Mazda North America; Niki Smart, who redesigned the Cadillac vehicle at General Motors; and Greg Warmsley, former executive creative director at Mazda. Midnight is recommended for mobility in urban areas. The commercial intention is to use it mainly as a flying taxi, to travel from airports to city centers, but with the possibility of also carrying out tourist tours, among other applications. The business model calls for reservations for shared rides, with initial passenger costs estimated at $4 and $5 per mile, gradually decreasing over the following years. Nikhil Goel, Chief Commercial Officer, Archer Aviation, highlighted the zero-emission and sustainable nature of Midnight. With noise levels approximately 100 times lower than conventional helicopters, Archer envisions a solution that aligns with the evolving scenario of smart cities. Archer Aviation plans to launch commercial air taxi routes in major US cities such as New York and Chicago with its partner United Airlines in 2025, with international operations launching in Dubai and Abu Dhabi the following year. United x Archer – Meet Midnight The arrival of Midnight, among other flying urban transport vehicles that are in development, will partially turn into reality the futuristic scenes from The Jetsons broadcast on ABC TV in 1962, as, in addition to the flying vehicle that we are waiting for soon, Video conferencing, automated work, robots in a clear process of improvement are a reality, however, the suspended city of The Jetsons is not part of current reality and visible scenarios. - Would it be a failure in Hanna-Barbera's visionary capacity? - It's too early to say that! - Have you forgotten that there are still 38 years to go until we reach the year 2062, which was introduced to us by The Jetsons? Sources: AFRICANNEWS . Flying Taxis: Archer Aviation's Vision for Urban Air Mobility Takes Flight . By Afolake Oyinloye and Agencies. Available at: < https://www.africanews.com/2023/11/16/flying-taxis-archer-aviations-vision-for-urban-air-mobility-takes-flight/ > Accessed on 09.mar.2024 . AIRFRAMER. Aircraft Program. Archer Maker eVTOL . Available at: < https://www.airframer.com/aircraft_detail.html?model=ArchereVTOL > Accessed on March 10, 2024. ARCHER AVIATION INC. Midnight . Available at: < https://archer.com/midnight > Accessed on 03/10/2024. BUSINESS AIR NEWS. Archer scores Transportation Design of the Year for Midnight . Available at: < https://www.businessairnews.com/mag_story.html?ident=29621 > Accessed on: March 10, 2024. CARLSEN, Courtney. THE MOTLEY FOOL. Where Will Archer Aviation Be in 1 Year? Available at: < https://www.fool.com/investing/2024/02/27/where-will-archer-aviation-be-in-1-year/ > Accessed on March 10, 2024. DOMINGUES, Joelza Ester. Teaching History Blog . “The Jetsons”, the first color television show . Available at < https://ensinarhistoria.com.br/linha-do-tempo/ Primeiro-programa-de-televisao-colorido-the-jetsons/ > Accessed on 09.mar.2024. FUTURE FLIGHT. WEITERING, Hanneke. Archer Revs Up Flight Tests With Midnight Evtol Air Taxi. Available at: < https://www.futureflight.aero/news-article/2024-02-02/archer-revs-flight-tests-midnight-evtol-air-taxi > Accessed on: March 11, 2024. THE ARSENALE. Pioneering Sustainable Urban Mobility With Archer Aviation. Available at: < https://thearsenale.com/blogs/magazine/pioneering-sustainable-urban-mobility-with-archer-aviation > Accessed on: March 11, 2024. WIKIPEDIA. The Jetsons. Available at: Accessed on: 09.mar.2024.

Iceland, with an area similar to the US state of Kentucky, has more than 30 active volcanoes . Therefore, the island in northern Europe has become a privileged destination for volcanic tourism - a segment that attracts thousands of adventurers. 🌎 LIVE in 4K: New Volcanic Eruption in Grindavik, Iceland See other incredible images, in high resolution, directly from Live from Iceland

The last Portals were opened on May 8, 2024. In the United States, The NYC Portal, located near Flatiron Plaza, in the center of Manhattan, and on the famous O'Connell Street, in Dublin, Ireland. The connection designed by Portals is made up of circular video screens, 3.4 meters high and weighing "several tons", organizers say, but without details about the camera and screen technology being used. The screens broadcast live, installed in public squares, which operate 24 hours a day. The Portals connect geographically distant cities, which can "embrace the beauty of global interconnection", in the words of the exhibition organizers. It arose from the idea of Lithuanian artist and businessman Benediktas Gylys, who developed the concept by bringing together several people, applying design and engineering perspectives and with the support of VilniusTech University of Technology. For the creators, Portals are sculptures of technological art and were born from a feeling that we, humans, have more to share than what separates us; and from a feeling that we are all interconnected on this planet of ours. Gylys, the founder, says that “the portals symbolize a bridge that unifies and an invitation to overcome prejudices and divergences that belong to the past." Bridge to a United Planet - portals.org The first portals were opened in May 2021, uniting the cities of Vilnius, Lithuania and Lublin, Poland. Installed in locations in the center of both cities, the Portals attracted a lot of attention. Near Vilnius' main train station, staring at the Portal allows Vilnius residents to interact, in real time, with people on the main square in Lublin, Poland - a city more than 370 kilometers away. According to Scott (2024), undesirable behavior was observed when the Portals connecting Dublin, Ireland and New York, in the United States, began to operate, which led to their closure on May 14, 2024, just a few days after they were opened. Although protests and rebellions are common in large centers, the Portals organization was surprised by obscene gestures, exposure of nudes and shocking images and decided to close until resolutive measures were adopted. On May 19, 2024, the Dublin and New York Portals were reopened. Gylys revealed that later this summer, if not closed again, the New York and Dublin portals will change their provider to connect with Vilnius in Lithuania and Lublin in Poland. While the New York and Dublin locations are now operating restricted opening hours as a result of "inappropriate behavior", the other two portals operate 24/7. For Gylys, “ the main objective is to have as many portals open around the world as possible. The biggest misconception about Portals is that they are about connecting two cities. They are not. Portals are a network of sculptures that connect to each other through a provider that is constantly rotating between different large and small cities on planet Earth." By Luiz CIncurá luiz.cincura@high-techsociety.com Sources: GILBERT, David; HOVER, Amanda. WIRED. We Stood on Both Sides of the New York–Dublin Portal and It Was Glorious. Available at < https://www.wired.com/story/new-york-dublin-portal-reopening/ > Accessed on: 02.June.2024. POITEVIEN, Jessica. TRAVEL + LEISURE. These Real-time Digital 'Portals' Connect People in Cities Hundreds of Miles Apart. Available at: < https://www.travelandleisure.com/attractions/lithuania-poland-city-portals-live-feed > Accessed on: 02.June.2024. PORTALS. In the Collective Consciousness . Available at: < https://www.portals.org/ > Accessed on: June 1, 2024. RAMAKERS, Tim. The Ponts Guy. New technology connects cities with real-time digital 'portals' . Available at: < https://thepointsguy.com/news/real-time-digital-portals/ > Accessed on June 2, 2024. SCOTT, Simon. NPR. Opinion: A tale of two cities' 'Portal' pandemonium. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2024/05/18/1252231540/opinion-a-tale-of-two-cities-portal-pandemonium Accessed on: 01.June.2024.

Hit by intense rains since April 27th and lasting until May 5th, the State of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, was impacted in an unimaginable way, a devastation similar to the effects of a war. On May 7, 2024, CNN broadcast live, speaking from the Governor of Rio Grande do Sul, Eduardo Leite, who reported the dramatic situation that is presented: 48,799 people in shelters 159,036 displaced 1,443,950 affected 372 injured 131 missing 90 deaths On May 9 , 2024, the Civil Defense bulletin of Rio Grande do Sul informs that the number of deaths totals 107 due to the storms that hit the State of Rio Grande do Sul and the update also informs that there are 136 missing and 374 injured. AERIAL VIEW OF THE CENTER OF PORTO ALEGRE, CAPITAL OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL. SOURCE: THE CONVERSATION To give you an idea, in the municipality of Bento Gonçalves alone, there were 600 millimeters of rain in three days, with hundreds of landslides. There were deaths and burials of families and the isolation of almost a thousand people. This required a gigantic "task force" to rescue these people, according to the words of the Mayor of Bento Gonçalves, Diogo Segabinazzi Siqueira, in an interview with Jovem Pan Radio, on May 7, 2024. Let's look at the rainfall intensity ranges, according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO, which establishes the following ranges: Light rain: less than 2.5 mm/h. Moderate rain: from 2.5 to 10 mm/h. Heavy rain: from 10 to 50 mm/h. Very heavy (violent) rain: from 50 mm/h. According to WMO rainfall intensity ranges, the volume of rainfall in Bento Gonçalves was extremely high. According to a CNN report and according to the Civil Defense report, 425 of the 497 cities in Rio Grande do Sul were affected by the storms – equivalent to 85.5% of the total. Only 72 cities did not have any impact related to rain. See the list of cities that were affected by the rains: https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/nacional/chuvas-no-rs-quase-80-das-cidades-gauchas-foram-afetadas-veja-lista/ AMUSEMENT PARK IN THE MATHIAS VELHO NEIGHBORHOOD, IN CANOAS, IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL. SOURCE: CNN Faced with this highly challenging context, the restoration of normality will depend on a slow reconstruction process, to be initiated as soon as the waters recede. It will require the union of herculean efforts. There are several ways to collaborate, through donations, for Rio Grande do Sul. BOAT RESCUES IN THE CITY OF CANOAS-RS. SOURCE: GZH SOS ENCHENTES WEBSITE The Communication Secretariat of the Government of Rio Grande do Sul presents the website https://sosenchentes.rs.gov.br/inicial in which it directs donations to pix CNPJ 92.958.800/0001-38 in which it states that it is linked to the bank account opened by Banrisul (State Bank of Rio Grande do Sul) and that the resources will be fully reverted to humanitarian support for flood victims and the reconstruction of the municipalities' infrastructure. The Secretariat warns, when carrying out the operation, to confirm, before validating the donation, that the name of the account that appears is "SOS Rio Grande do Sul" and that the bank is Banrisul. International donations The government of the State of Rio Grande do Sul also activated international donation channels. With the action, the Executive expands fundraising possibilities and allows people and organizations around the world to contribute to the emergency situation. To donate, use the following data and instructions: Euro Standard Chartered Bank - Frankfurt Swift: SCBLDEFX Account: 007358304 Beneficiary bank: Banco do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul S/A - Head office Swift: BRGSBRRS Beneficiary: Association of Banks in the State of Rio Grande do Sul CNPJ: 92.958.800/0001-38 Iban: BR5392702067001000645423206C1 American dollar Standard Chartered Bank - New York Swift: SCBLUS33 Account: 3544032986001 Beneficiary bank: Banco do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul S/A - Head office Swift: BRGSBRRS Beneficiary: ASSOCIATION OF BANKS IN THE STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL CNPJ: 92.958.800/0001-38 Iban: BR5392702067001000645423206C1 Pounds Sterling Standard Chartered Bank - London Swift: SCBLGB2L Account: 01251596201 Beneficiary bank: Banco do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul S/A - Head office Swift: BRGSBRRS Beneficiary: Association of Banks in the State of Rio Grande do Sul CNPJ: 92.958.800/0001-38 Iban: BR5392702067001000645423206C1 In all cases, you must inform: Iban Code: BR5392702067001000645423206C1 Name: Association of Banks in the State of Rio Grande do Sul CNPJ: 92.958.800/0001-38 Management Committee The State of Rio Grande do Sul published on Sunday (05/May/2024) Decree No. 57,601, which establishes the management committee of the SOS Rio Grande do Sul account. The group, formed by public and private entities, will be responsible for defining actions , measures and criteria for distributing donations destined for flood victims and collected by the channel's pix key. The list of members of the Steering Committee includes, from the public sector, the Governor's Office, the Vice-Governor's Office, the State Attorney General's Office, the Secretariat of Economic Development, the Military House, the Secretariat of Logistics and Transport, the Secretariat of Social Development, the Secretariat of Housing and Land Regularization and the private sector, the Association of Banks in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, the Federation of Associations of Municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul (Famurs), the Central Única das Favelas (Cufa ), the Federation of Chambers of Store Managers of Rio Grande do Sul (FCDL-RS), the Federation of Industries of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Fiergs), the Federation of Commerce of Goods and Services of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Fecomércio), the Marcopolo Foundation, the Elisabetha Randon Institute, the Lions Club, the Rotary Club and the Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service (Sebrae/RS). WEST MAGAZINE West magazine started, four days ago, a campaign to obtain donations for Rio Grande do Sul and has already exceeded 3 million reais, to help the victims of the floods that are ravaging the State. The magazine states that it will report daily, both in relation to the amounts collected and the destination of donations. Anyone who wants to collaborate with donations, through Revista Oeste, send pix to the following email: ApoioRS@revistaoeste.com SPIRITIST CENTERS IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL Check out the Spiritist Centers in cities in Rio Grande do Sul, which are receiving and making donations for those affected by the rains in Rio Grande do Sul. Alvorada-RS Allan Kardec Spiritist Group Collection of non-perishable food, hygiene and cleaning items, blankets and towels, pet food Avenida Maringá 1316 – Alvorada-RS From 2pm to 4pm Lageado-RS Léon Denis Spiritist Center PIX key: 91.167.833/0001-05 To donate clothes, food, basic hygiene materials or other materials, contact: (51) 9 9967.6349 Novo Hamburgo,RS Spiritist Society in Search of Truth Collection of non-perishable food, hygiene and cleaning items, blankets and towels. Delivery can be made to the Centro headquarters (Rua Bento Gonçalves 2863): Saturday - from 5pm to 8pm Tuesday - from 7pm to 9pm Thursday - from 2pm to 4pm or from 7pm to 9pm At the Canudos headquarters (Rua América 1313): Monday - from 7pm to 9pm Porto Alegre (State's capital) Teresa D'ávila Spiritist Association Campaign to collect clothes, food, personal hygiene and cleaning products. R. Fernando Strehlau, 55 Jardim Itu - Porto Alegre-RS Mondays, from 2pm to 3:30pm Thursdays from 7:20 pm to 8:30 pm Peace and Light Spiritist Association Campaign to collect clothes, food, personal hygiene and cleaning products. Rua Dr. Pereira Neto, 1737, Camaquã neighborhood, Porto Alegre. Wednesday, from 7:30 pm to 9 pm; Saturday, from 2:30 pm to 4 pm. Path of Light Spiritist Society Collection point for the following items: - Non-perishable food - Mineral water - Personal hygiene products - Food for dogs/cats Av. Bento Gonçalves, 1209 Partenon - Porto Alegre/RS Donations can be delivered to our House (Av. Bento Gonçalves, 1209), during working hours. Mondays and Thursdays: 6:45 pm to 9 pm Tuesdays: 2:45pm to 4pm Saturdays: from 2:45 pm to 4:30 pm Amigo Germano Spiritist Institute Campaign to collect clothes, food, personal hygiene and cleaning products. Donations can be delivered starting tomorrow (including Saturday and Sunday) at the Instituto Espírita Amigo Germano, Rua Santana, 1225, Farroupilha neighborhood, Porto Alegre/RS. Santana Do Livramento-RS Spiritist Charity Center Street: Rivadávia Corrêa, 1141 Receiving donations this Saturday 4/5. Time: 3:30 pm to 4:30 pm Rio Grande-RS Rio Grande Spiritist Union Campaign to collect clothes, non-perishable food, mattresses and blankets, personal hygiene products and food. Rua Benjamin Constante 521 WhatsApp UERG: (53) 991167581 São Gabriel-RS Workers of Charity Spiritist Center - Campaign to collect clothes and non-perishable food. Street: Celestino Cavalheiro, 400 center Donations can be delivered to Obreiros da Caridade, from 8:30 am to 11 am. Obreiros ANEXO Street: Virgílio Silva, 87 neighborhood October 3 And at Obreiros ANNEXO, from 2pm to 4pm. Taquara-RS Sister Dalva Spiritist Center Varal Solidário - Donation of clothes for those affected by the floods. R. Prof. Rodolfo Dietschi, 1922 Taquara/RS Thursday from 2pm to 5pm Friday 03/05 2pm to 5pm. Viamão-RS André Luiz Spiritist Association Collecting hygiene and cleaning materials Tuesdays (from 2:30 pm to 4:00 pm) and Saturdays (from 6:30 pm to 9:00 pm) Estrada Capitão Gentil Machado de Godoy, 661 - Vila Elza THE FEDERATION OF INDUSTRIES OF SC (FIESC) AND FOUNDATION GAÚCHA DE BANKS SOCIALS The Federation of Industries of SC (FIESC) and its entities are receiving donations for those affected by the tragedy caused by the rains in Rio Grande do Sul. Those interested in helping can take food, clothes, hygiene items and cleaning products to the regional and SESI, SENAI and IEL units throughout the state. The Santa Catarina Federation is also part of a campaign to donate resources via pix to the Fundação Gaúcha de Bancos Sociais, an entity linked to the federation of industries in Rio Grande do Sul, given the logistical difficulties that Rio Grande do Sul is currently facing. Donations to help Rio Grande do Sul, through the Fundação Gaúcha de Bancos Sociais , send amounts via pix to CNPJ 04.580.781/0001-91 AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK ENTITIES According to a Forbes Brasil report, agriculture and livestock entities are also integrated into the solidarity movement to help Rio Grande do Sul. Acta Agro Atua Agro is part of Synap (Syngenta Agriculture Platform), Syngenta's holding company formed by independent companies. There are 44 branches in the southern region of the country, with 144 stores that serve as product collection points. To find out where the stores are located, go to the website actuaagro.com.br and access the Stores. Brazilian Brangus Association The Brazilian Association of Brangus (ABB) and the Núcleo Brangus Sul joined the Instituto Desenvolvimento Pecuária in collecting donations. The amount collected has been directed through Civil Defense. PIX for CNPJ: 42.510.117/0001-65 Institute for Livestock Development The Instituto Desenvolvimento Pecuária was born in 2019 through a WhatsApp group of rural producers from Rio Grande do Sul, cattle breeders, and which today brings together rural entrepreneurs, teachers, university students and technical consultants. PIX for CNPJ: 42.510.117/0001-65 Forest Cultural Institute The Forest Cultural Institute, based in Porto Alegre, is a local NGO. Using this link you can access the rescue points and maps of the locations. PIX for CNPJ: 27.631.481/0001-90 Federasul The Federation of Business Entities of Rio Grande do Sul (Federasul), which brings together its 194 affiliated entities, launched the fundraising campaign. The focus of the campaign is to purchase blankets. The coming winter is a season that easily records temperatures below zero degrees in some regions of the state . PIX: sosrs@federasul.com.br Brazilian Angus Association The Brazilian Angus Association (ABA) launched the solidarity campaign and works in contact with civil defense to identify the population's most urgent needs. PIX: finance@angus.org.br Aprosoja Brazil The Brazilian Soy Producers Association (Aprosoja) is participating in the campaign by collecting funds that will be directed. PIX for CNPJ: 11.029.749/0001-88 Federarroz The Federation of Rice Growers Associations of RS (Federarroz), which represents 16 rice growers associations, is collecting donations to purchase basic food baskets and utensils. PIX for CNPJ: 93.459.410/0001-86 Gadandondo and Milk Brazil The Association of Dutch Cattle Breeders of RS (Gadolando) and the Brazilian Association of Milk Producers (Milk Brazil) are supporting the affected producers and the communities in their surroundings. The entities ask for donations of food, water, hygiene products and volunteer services. In terms of values, the entities recommend. PIX online at https://www.vakinha.com.br . There are several other initiatives for donations to Rio Grande do Sul. It is valuable to be supportive and that the amounts donated help to overcome the enormous difficulties that exist, with the powerful help of all the organizations and people who are united in this great purpose. By Luiz Cincurá luiz.cincura@high-techsociety.com Sources: CNN Brasil. Rains in RS: more than 85% of cities in Rio Grande do Sul were affected; see list. Available in: < https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/nacional/chuvas-no-rs-quase-80-das-cidades-gauchas-foram-afetadas-veja-lista/ > Accessed on May 8, 2024. CNN Breaking News. Live broadcast on May 7, 2024, 5:43 pm. Now: Governor Eduardo Leite updates the situation in RS . Spiritist Federation of Rio Grande do Sul. Solidarity: Check out the Spiritist Centers that are receiving and making donations for those affected by the rains in RS . Available at: < https://www.fergs.org.br/single-post/solidariedade-confira-os-centros-esp%C3%ADritas-que-est%C3%A3o-recebendo-e-realizando-doa% C3%A7%C3%B5es-ao-atidos-p > Accessed on May 9, 2024. FIESC. FIESC . FIESC and entities receive donations for Rio Grande do Sul . Available at < https://fiesc.com.br/pt-br/imprensa/fiesc-e-entidades-recebem-doacoes-para-o-rio-grande-do-sul > Accessed on May 9, 2024. FORBES AGRO. Want to help? Agricultural entities in the campaign for Rio Grande do Sul. Available at < https://forbes.com.br/forbesagro/2024/05/quer-ajudar-as-entidades-do-agro-na-campanha-pelo-rio -grande-do-sul/ > Accessed on May 9, 2024. FORBES BRAZIL. These billionaire companies are helping with the tragedy in RS; check out. Available at: < https://www.msn.com/pt-br/dinheiro/economia-e-negocios/estas-empresas-de-bilion%C3%A1rios-est%C3%A3o-ajudando-na-trag% C3%A9dia-do-rs-confira/ar-BB1m5xm0?ocid=msedgntp&pc=U531&cvid=479ea0ee8f064164a75bed3dca82df4d&ei=27 > Accessed on: May 9, 2024. G1. The number of deaths rises to 107 after floods that hit RS. Available at < https://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/2024/05/09/sobe-para-107-o-numero-de-mortos-apos-enchentes-que -atem-o-rs.ghtml > Accessed on May 9, 2024. YOUNG PAN. Podcast Os Pingos dos Is: Interview with the Mayor of Bento Gonçalves , on 05/07/2024, (listen to the audio with the interview starting at 16 minutes and 50 seconds). Available at < https://jovempan.com.br/podcasts/programas/os-pingos-nos-is/os-pingos-nos-is-07-05-2024-rio-grande-do-sul-estado-confirma -95-mortes-e-131-desaparecidos.html > Accessed on May 8, 2024. WEST MAGAZINE . Oeste exceeds 3 million in revenue for Rio Grande do Sul . Available at: < https://revistaoeste.com/brasil/oeste-supera-r-3-milhoes-em-arrecadacao-para-o-rio-grande-do-sul/ > Accessed on May 9, 2024. SOS RIO GRANDE DO SUL. Pix - how to donate . Available at < https://sosenchentes.rs.gov.br/pix-como-doar > Accessed on May 9, 2024. UOL.BRASIL SCHOOL. Rain: Rain intensity. Available at: < https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/chuvas-precipitacoes.htm > Accessed on May 9, 2024

Eurovision Song Contest 2024: Grand Final (Live Stream) Eurovision 2024 Grand Final, live from Malmö, Sweden! Watch the show live on Saturday, May 11, 2024 at 9:00 pm CEST/UTC+2 (Central European Summer Time).

SABA - SAND | Denmark 🇩🇰 | Official Music Video | Eurovision 2024 SABA won the Danish national selection Melodi Grand Prix with their song SAND and will represent Denmark at the 68th Eurovision Song Contest, which will feature artists from 37 countries and will be held in Malmo, Sweden, on 7th, 9th and May 11, 2024.