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PISA, the International Program for Student Assessment, is a three-yearly, systematic, prospective and comparative assessment of international level, focused on the areas of Mathematics, Science and Language, for students between 15 years and three months of age and up to 16 years and two months of age. deity. Each cycle emphasizes one of the three areas mentioned, with the highlighted area of each cycle absorbing around 60% of the test questions and the other areas, 20% for each of them.   The area with the greatest weight in the PISA 2022 assessments was mathematics. PISA 2022 established an innovation in assessment, the creative thinking test. It focuses on the skills that 21st century students need as organizations and societies around the world rely on innovation and knowledge creation to meet emerging challenges. The PISA creative thinking test examined students' abilities to generate diverse and original ideas and to evaluate and improve ideas, in various contexts or "domains". The assessment included four domains: written expression, visual expression, social problem solving and scientific problem solving. In each of these domains, students engaged with open-ended tasks that did not have a single correct answer. They were asked to provide multiple and distinct responses, or to generate a response that was unconventional. These responses could take the form of a solution to a problem, a creative text, or a visual artifact. Stimulating creative thinking strengthens the ability to adapt in an increasingly complex and dynamic reality in which knowledge and the capacity for innovation can be decisive in finding solutions for a world in constant and rapid change. The assessment is promoted by the OECD - Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It is an intergovernmental entity that aims to promote the economic and social development of its members, the industrialized countries. It should be noted, however, that participation in PISA is not restricted to OECD members, as it also includes guest countries. ​According to the Report “ PISA 2022 Results - The State of Learning and Equity in Education ", released in December/2023 by the OECD, the first report volume of a total of five report volumes presented , 690,000 students were assessed, representing 29 million students worldwide, from 81 countries and economies, in 2022. PISA is the first large-scale study to collect data on the performance, well-being and equity of students. students before and after the shutdowns and adversities caused by the  COVID-19 pandemic. According to the report, PISA 2022 is much more than educational excellence. It is also about equity in education, so that all students, regardless of background, can have a fair opportunity to reach their full potential. ​PISA is a powerful comparative source of international level in the educational area, which can greatly contribute to strengthening inclusive public educational policies for countries committed to developing good quality education, a fundamental step towards social transformation that allow for greater prosperity, labor and economic inclusion, as better-established basic education training is an important step towards generating future professionals who are better prepared to serve society in various areas of knowledge. The report concluded that, despite challenging circumstances, 31 countries and economies have managed to at least maintain their performance in mathematics since PISA 2018. Among these, Australia, Japan, Korea, Singapore and Switzerland have maintained or further increased their already high levels of achievement. performance of its students, with scores ranging from 487 to 575 points (OECD average 472). These countries presented converging aspects, such as a shorter school closure period, fewer obstacles to remote learning and continued support for students, from teachers and parents. Many countries have also made significant progress towards universal secondary education, which is critical to enabling equality of opportunity and full participation in the economy. Among them, Cambodia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Indonesia, Morocco, Paraguay and Romania have rapidly expanded education to previously marginalized populations over the past decade. Ten countries and economies recorded a large percentage of 15-year-olds with confirmed basic proficiency in math, reading and science with education that was highly equitable and provided high levels of socioeconomic justice: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Hong Kong, Ireland, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Macau and the United Kingdom. The OECD report also points out that, across OECD countries, around three-quarters of students reported being confident in using various technologies, including learning management systems, school learning platforms and video communication programs. However, technology used for leisure rather than instruction, such as mobile phone technology, often appears to be associated with the worst outcomes. Students who reported that they are distracted by other students using digital devices in at least some math classes scored 15 points less than students who reported that this never or almost never happens. Support from teachers is particularly important in times of instability, namely through the provision of additional services, pedagogical and motivational support to students, according to PISA 2022. ​The systematic work of PISA, throughout its three-year applications, reinforces the resilience of educational systems in order to act from the perspective of growth in equal opportunities, which will certainly provide greater training and empowerment of young people to the success. Countries that are engaged and have the political will to reserve the space and importance it deserves for education are certainly aware and certain that this is the path to generation and longevity from an economic and social development perspective. Sources: CREATIVITYEXCHANGE. The PISA 2022 Creative Thinking Test . Bill Lucas explores the significance of the first global assessment of creative thinking. Available at < https://www.creativityexchange.org.uk/ideas-hub/the-pisa-2022-creative-thinking-test > Accessed on 22.Feb.2024. FACTSMAPS. PISA 2022. Worldwide Ranking. Disponível em Acesso em 23.fev.2022. OECD (2023), PISA 2022 Results (Volume I): The State of Learning and Equity in Education , PISA, OECD Publishing, Paris, Available at < https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en > Accessed on 19.feb.2024. WAISELFISZ, Julio Jacob. Science teaching in Brazil and PISA . Sangari from Brazil. 1st.Ed., 2009.

It has been 20 years since Concorde was retired on October 24, 2003, after its last journey between New York and London.  From its first commercial flight, on 01/21/1976 and for 27 years, Concorde transported almost four million people and carried out 50 thousand supersonic flights. However, high operating costs, high fares and a serious plane crash, among other factors, led to the closure of the first commercial plane to exceed the speed of sound. The (privileged) supersonic passengers were nostalgic for these flights, which were carried out by 14 Concordes. The Concorde flew at 2,200 km/h per hour - almost twice the speed of sound - at an altitude of 18,000 meters. Thus, it was able to fly between Paris and New York in just 3h45min, allowing the passenger, depending on the time zones, to "arrive in New York before leaving Paris". Despite the long passage of time since the last flight, commercial supersonics will be back. They will be produced by a startup, whose purpose is to reactivate supersonic commercial aviation, in a safer, more economical and more sustainable way. This new technological challenge has as its protagonist the startup Boom Supersonic , a manufacturing company based in Colorado, USA that is developing the “ Overture Supersonic ” aircraft project. The first plane is expected to leave the factory in 2026 and by 2029 Boom Supersonic intends to start supersonic commercial flights. Boom's current timeline targets a first flight in 2027 and certification of the aircraft in 2029, which would have it ready to enter service shortly thereafter. According to the CEO of Boom Supersonic, there is a challenge to be overcome: democratizing access to supersonic commercial aviation, as Concorde flights were elitist. "We set out with a very big and audacious goal of creating the first supersonic plane in which tens of millions of people can fly,"  told Blake Scholl, founder and CEO of Boom Supersonic, to CNN. "Supersonic travel, in my opinion, is about bringing the world closer together. Our ultimate vision is supersonic flight for all passengers on all routes." The Overture's engine will be the Symphony, which was designed with special attention to noise, one of the Concorde's biggest disadvantages: "It must be efficient in supersonic flights, but also silent for takeoff and landing," commented Scholl. The Symphony engine was designed to run entirely on SAF, Sustainable Aviation Fuel, a type of aviation fuel whose production methods promise to reduce carbon emissions by up to 80%, according to IATA, the International Air Transport Association. Boom is also committed to achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2040. All of these sustainability purposes will be assessed in the certification process. The aircraft is being designed to carry between 64 and 80 passengers, at a speed of Mach 1.7 which represents 2,100 km/hour or 1,304 miles/hour, at an altitude of 60,000 feet or 18,000 meters. It is projected that Overture will be able to travel between London and New York in around three and a half hours, cutting travel time in half compared to traditional commercial flights. The Overture Supersonic factory is under construction, starting in January 2023, in Greensboro, North Carolina, USA, at the Piedmont Triad International Airport . With a significant portion of the exterior building constructed, the Overture Superfactory continues to take shape and remains on track for completion in 2024. The factory will include a final assembly line, a testing facility and a customer delivery center. Boom has been building the campus in sections, focusing first on the final assembly line, where it will have the capacity to produce up to 33 Overture aircraft per year, which could grow to 66 per year with the addition of a second line. Overture Superfactory will occupy approximately 150,000 square feet, equivalent to 13,935 m² with an additional 24,000 square feet, equivalent to 2,229 m² of office space. "Our vision for Piedmont Triad International Airport is to become the center of aviation innovation ," said Kevin Baker, Executive Director of the Piedmont Triad Airport Authority. "Boom is positioned to define the next century of progress in air travel, and we are proud to see its vision taking shape in our backyard with the Overture Superfactory in the Triad." Boom says it will bring more than 1,750 jobs to North Carolina by 2030, expanding to a total of more than 2,400 jobs by 2032. North Carolina economists estimate the Overture Superfactory will grow the state's economy by at least $32 .3 billion in 20 years. To date, three airlines have placed purchase orders for the Overture Supersonic:  United Airlines, American Airlines and Japan Airlines, with a total of 130 orders. Sources: ABC11. Boom wants supersonic plane travel for everyone - but can it deliver? Available at: https://abc11.com/boom-supersonic-airplane-overture/13592668/> Accessed on: 24.fev.2024. BOOM. Boom Supersonic Reaches Overture Superfactory Milestone. Available at: Accessed on: 24.fev.2024. CNN. PRISCO, Jacopo. Boom wants supersonic plane travel for everyone — but can it deliver?  Available at: < https://www.cnn.com/travel/boom-supersonic-ambitions-scn/index.html > Accessed on: 24.Feb.2024. G1 PORTAL. Discover Overture, a supersonic plane project that will have twice the speed of current aircraft . Available at: < https://g1.globo.com/inovacao/noticia/2022/08/17/conheca-o-overture-projeto-de-aviao-supersonico-que-tera-o-dobro-da-velocidade- das-aeronaves-atuais.ghtml > Accessed on: 24.dec.2024>. PRNEWSWIRE. (News provided by Boom Supersonic). Boom Supersonic Reaches Overture Superfactory Milestone . Available at: < https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/boom-supersonic-reaches-overture-superfactory-milestone-301933449.html > Accessed on: Feb 26, 2024. FROG. The_ultima_of_concorde (2008).  < http://dn.sapo.pt/2005/12/02/boa_vida/o_ultimo_do_concorde.html > Link discontinued. TAYLOR, Chris. ACG PIEDMONT TRIAD NETWORK. Boom Supersonic - Building the Supersonic Future . Available at: < https://www.acg.org/piedmont-triad-network/events/boom-supersonic-building-supersonic-future > Access at : 25.Feb.2024. TRADE AND INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT. Piedmont Triad International Embraces Aerospace Innovation . Available at: < https://www.tradeandindustrydev.com/industry/aerospace-defense/piedmont-triad-international-embraces-aerospace-31970 > Accessed on: 25.feb.2024. VIDEO FROM SPACE. NY to London in 3.5 hours? Meet Boom Supersonic's 'Overture' aircraft.  Available at: < https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KB0ME_6_gSk > Accessed on: 25.Feb.2024.

Heat waves, strong winds, torrential rains, in short, intense environmental events, which affect certain cities more frequently and, in addition, locations most affected by climate change, lack protected urban infrastructure installations of wires and cables to avoid the risk of falls energy, general damage and electrical shocks that can be fatal. As most of the risks in large cities are in overhead cables, taking power cables underground is an important measure. In more detail below, we can say that overhead electrical cable structures have considerable disadvantages. Overhead wires are much more sensitive to failure during storms than underground cables. The loss of electrical energy causes major economic disruptions. The cost of maintaining and repairing damaged lines is often borne by utility company customers. Overhead wires have sparked many of the disastrous fires that have devastated large areas, which have been reported in the press in recent years, causing loss of life and property. This is because sparks from OHL (overhead lines) are routinely identified as the cause of fires in dry areas. When extreme weather events occur, first responders must deal with downed and exposed high-voltage power lines, a major hazard associated with the adversity of power loss, while trying to deal with medical emergencies. Removing these threats makes it easier for emergency teams to save lives. The risk of contact by passers-by with downed wires in cities can cause exposure to intense electrical discharges with a risk of death. But you would be wrong to imagine that the search for a better solution to the problems arising from overhead electrical wires is recent. Long ago, many countries made investments in urban infrastructure using underground cables and, to this day, enjoy significant benefits. The pioneering experience in the news took place 134 years ago, in 1890, with the first successful installation carried out by Vincent de Ferranti, using his famous 10,000 volt concentric cable, in the United Kingdom. Underground utilization is the most comprehensive and effective solution to reducing the impact of utility wires. The practice is common in the Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany and England, which, in addition to the natural beauty they offer, took care and precaution to guarantee a “clean” and safe scenic view, with their wires and cables far from sight. and protected against adverse weather conditions, installed underground. But underground cabling efforts are not limited to the aforementioned countries. In Australia, for example, the Infrastructure Project entitled “Powering Sydney's Future” carried out through densely populated suburban areas, started from the observation that the electricity transmission networks that were built in the 1960s and 1970s and some underground cables, were approaching the end of their useful lives. As Sydney's population grew, demand for electricity increased and replacing aging infrastructure would ensure future supply for residents and businesses in Sydney and surrounding suburbs. Thus, in 2022, Australian energy company Transgrid completed the main construction works of the Powering Sydney's Future project. Although higher voltage lines tend to be tied to overhead cables, this does not mean that higher voltage cables are unfeasible underground in large cities. Aerial cables are installed much more easily compared to underground cables. It also has the benefit of open natural ventilation, which prevents cables from overheating. However, this does not mean that higher voltage cables are unfeasible underground in large cities (in areas of high energy consumption), which can coexist with the predominant lower voltage cables. Despite the closed underground environment, the tunnels can be cooled, improving the temperature conditions of the cables. In London, beneath its busy streets, there are miles of 8-foot-wide concrete tunnels lined with power distribution cables that can reach extremely high temperatures. To cool the tunnels, vertical shafts spaced every kilometer or two supply fresh air and eject hot air into the open air. UNDERGROUND CABLING STRUCTURE IN LONDON Researchers at London South Bank University (LSBU) , in 2019, developed a study with the aim of using this waste heat. A typical 1.8km stretch of tunnel between ventilation shafts produces 400 kilowatts of heat, enough to heat 100 homes or a small commercial office. This was discovered by researchers in a preliminary analysis carried out with the city's electricity grid operator, UK Power Networks. A project started in 2018 to provide underground cabling for London is underway. Scheduled to be completed and fully operational in 2027, London Power Tunnels Two is underway to build 32km of tunnels and two substations in north London – claimed to be the first major investment in the capital's electricity transmission system in over of half a century. Three meters in diameter, the tunnels have a lifespan of more than 100 years – although the high-voltage cables they carry will need to be replaced more regularly to meet future demand and facilitate the growth of entire systems across the city. This issue of changing high voltage cables, according to Lesur (2021), the current generation of underground systems requires less maintenance, and renovation is only necessary every 40 or 50 years, which is the specified useful life of a transmission line and cables are generally buried to a depth of 3 ft/0.9144 m for distribution networks, and 4 ft/1.2192 m or 5 ft/1.524 m for transmission networks. In terms of safety, there is no disturbance to the ground surface when a short circuit occurs or a very high amount of energy is released, because the ground contains the fault, states Lesur (2021), who also argues that the ground also protects against damage caused by third parties, as long as proper authorization procedures are followed before excavation, especially in urban areas. According to Lesur (2021), underground systems require very little maintenance, as the insulation is made of extruded plastic ¹ (a passive component). There is no fluid under pressure or potential leakage. Overhead lines, on the other hand, need monitoring and maintenance to avoid corrosion (frequent painting of metal supports) and require maintenance against weather risks (lightning strikes, storms, ice, sticky snow). Studies also show that losses dissipated due to heating by the Joule effect ² are smaller for underground cables due to the use of pure copper and aluminum, while aluminum and steel alloys are necessary for the mechanical strength of bare overhead conductors, according to Lesur (2021). It is worth mentioning that not only countries most affected by natural events should have the initiative to build infrastructure of underground wires and cables, but also cities that have used, to exhaustion, wire structures and overhead cables, suspended from poles. This reality has generated a series of adverse situations, such as tangled and fallen wires, due to accumulation on poles, risks of power outages and exposure to intense electrical discharges, which can affect passers- by with the risk of death. ACCUMULATION OF DISORDERED OVERHEAD WIRES, FALLEN AND CROSSING THE ROAD PHOTO: © high-techsociety.com By placing cabling underground, most of the harsh weather conditions that traditional transmission infrastructures are exposed to can be avoided. This largely refers to precipitation and windstorms, which can cause damage to overhead power lines directly or indirectly through falling trees, resulting in power outages. Underground cabling can alleviate the need for additional and more frequent investment in transmission infrastructure maintenance and repairs. Expected benefits include a more secure energy supply with fewer instances of weather-related power outages, while realizing long-term cost savings due to reduced maintenance and repairs, ensuring predictability for diverse business segments. Underground cable lines have many advantages and benefits over overhead lines and are gaining momentum for safety, reliability and cost-effectiveness. It is observed that underground cabling has higher costs for construction and implementation of physical structures, costs for purchasing inputs, civil works, installations, but in the long term its savings and safety advantages are unquestionable. On the other hand, despite the initial advantage of airlines, of much lower construction and implementation costs for physical structures, they concentrate higher costs related to operation and maintenance. This is because they operate with a certain instability, directly associated with climatic conditions, causing unpredictable interruptions in the energy supply and may result in various costs to be borne by individuals, companies in general and industries, both to cover necessary maintenance costs arising from the adversity. of time, as well as to support losses resulting from loss of food that requires conservation in refrigerators and freezers, as well as losses resulting from interruptions in production activities. One way to guarantee the economic viability of these projects, with greater viability for large cities, is the union between service providers and governments, not only in sharing the costs involved, which are highly high, but also in the temporal integration of projects. The construction of an underground structure represents a valuable opportunity for modernizing structures, not only for public and private companies that provide public energy services, but also for water service providers, with their pipes and for telephone and internet service providers. , via optical cables. Grades: ¹ The extruded plastic profile is manufactured using an extruder machine that melts granulated plastics, normally from recycling processes. In this machine, the plastic is melted through a cylinder that is heated by electrical resistance. ² The Joule Effect is the transformation of electrical energy into thermal energy when electric current passes through a conductor. Sources: THE UTILITY WEEK EVENT. Digging 32km of 'Power Tunnels' beneath London . Available at < https://utilityweek.co.uk/digging-32km-of-power-tunnels-beneath-london/ > Accessed on March 23, 2024. CLIMATE ADAPT. Replacing overhead lines with underground cables in Finland . Available at < https://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu/en/metadata/case-studies/replacing-overhead-lines-with-underground-cables-in-finland > Accessed on March 21, 2024. LESUR, Frédéric. Power Grid International. Why underground cables are a better long-term choice for utilities . Available at < https://www.power-grid.com/td/why-underground-cables-are-a-better-long-term-choice-for-utilities/#gref > Accessed on March 21, 2024. MACPHEE, Brian. Quora. Available at < https://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-UK-power-lines-underground > Accessed on March 22, 2024. PATEL, Prachi. IEEE Spectrum . London's Hidden Cable Tunnels Could Warm Thousands of Homes . Available at < https://spectrum.ieee.org/londons-hidden-cable-tunnels-could-warm-thousands-of-homes > Accessed on March 23, 2024. SCENIC AMERICA . Undergrounding Utility Infrastructure: Burying Utilities for Safety, Resiliency, and Scenic Beauty . Available at < https://www.scenic.org/why-scenic-conservation/energy-infrastructure-and-equity/undergrounding-utility-infrastructure/ > Accessed on March 21, 2024. TRASGRID . Powering Sydney's Future . Available at Accessed on March 21, 2024.

The fun and futuristic cartoon “The Jetsons”, from the studio Hanna-Barbera Productions, by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, was released on September 23, 1962, already with prominence. It was the first TV series broadcast in color by a TV station, the American Broadcasting Company (ABC). It was ahead of its time for several reasons, including that, at that time, only 3% of the North American public owned color televisions. The series The Jetsons was about the life of the Jetsons family who lived in the year 2062 and the future was presented to us: urban transport through flying vehicles, suspended cities, automated work, robots as domestic servants, video conferences, among other situations. This touched the fantasy and imagination of children and adults, precisely because it portrayed a world that did not exist, a science fiction world. 63 years after the cartoon The Jetsons, the startup Archer Aviation , responsible for developing the innovative Midnight , an electric eVTOL vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, aims to make urban transport a reality through eVTOL flying vehicles, which take off, land and hover vertically like a helicopter. Archer's Midnight eVTOL aircraft. (Photo: Business Wire) Archer Aviation's Director of Safety, Billy Nolen, stated at the Dubai Airshow that there is a possibility of the Midnight arriving on the market as early as next year, in 2025, which depends on regulatory approval by the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). . It is worth mentioning that, last year, Midnight received its Special Airworthiness Certificate from the FAA, which paved the way for it to begin test flight operations, having recently completed this first phase. Archer Aviation is one of several companies developing eVTOL. However, the consensus is that Archer and Joby Aviation are the two companies that are furthest along in their development. The first phase of construction of the Archer factory, in Covington, Georgia, USA, is scheduled to end in 2024, with the installation of 350,000 square feet, equivalent to 32,516 m² that will be able to produce 600 aircraft per year. However, Archer will not be able to use its facilities to their full potential until it obtains FAA type certification for Midnight. This validates the design of the aircraft and its components, in compliance with strict safety standards. Midnight has a flight range of approximately 100 miles/160 km, which can be completed on a single charge. but it is optimized for shorter consecutive flights of around 20 miles or 32 km, with 10 minutes of charging between trips, via plug-in. A maximum cruising speed of 150 mph, equivalent to 240 km/h, transitions to cruising at a speed of around 100 mph or 160 km/h. Midnight is powered by six independent batteries, each supporting a pair of electric motors (2 Magidrive EPUs). Midnight is configured to operate with one pilot and up to four passengers and luggage. The Midnight not only stands out for its speed and sustainability, but also for its design - the aircraft has 12 electric propellers, a high main wing, a V-tail and a tricycle landing gear with fixed wheels, thus promising its passengers greater safety and less noise compared to conventional helicopters. Archer's Midnight aircraft won the Muse 2023 Transportation Design of the Year award. The MUSE Design Awards is an international design competition dedicated to recognizing outstanding and original design work from around the world. Archer's team of design professionals is led by Julien Montousse, former head of design at Mazda North America; Niki Smart, who redesigned the Cadillac vehicle at General Motors; and Greg Warmsley, former executive creative director at Mazda. Midnight is recommended for mobility in urban areas. The commercial intention is to use it mainly as a flying taxi, to travel from airports to city centers, but with the possibility of also carrying out tourist tours, among other applications. The business model calls for reservations for shared rides, with initial passenger costs estimated at $4 and $5 per mile, gradually decreasing over the following years. Nikhil Goel, Chief Commercial Officer, Archer Aviation, highlighted the zero-emission and sustainable nature of Midnight. With noise levels approximately 100 times lower than conventional helicopters, Archer envisions a solution that aligns with the evolving scenario of smart cities. Archer Aviation plans to launch commercial air taxi routes in major US cities such as New York and Chicago with its partner United Airlines in 2025, with international operations launching in Dubai and Abu Dhabi the following year. United x Archer – Meet Midnight The arrival of Midnight, among other flying urban transport vehicles that are in development, will partially turn into reality the futuristic scenes from The Jetsons broadcast on ABC TV in 1962, as, in addition to the flying vehicle that we are waiting for soon, Video conferencing, automated work, robots in a clear process of improvement are a reality, however, the suspended city of The Jetsons is not part of current reality and visible scenarios. - Would it be a failure in Hanna-Barbera's visionary capacity? - It's too early to say that! - Have you forgotten that there are still 38 years to go until we reach the year 2062, which was introduced to us by The Jetsons? Sources: AFRICANNEWS . Flying Taxis: Archer Aviation's Vision for Urban Air Mobility Takes Flight . By Afolake Oyinloye and Agencies. Available at: < https://www.africanews.com/2023/11/16/flying-taxis-archer-aviations-vision-for-urban-air-mobility-takes-flight/ > Accessed on 09.mar.2024 . AIRFRAMER. Aircraft Program. Archer Maker eVTOL . Available at: < https://www.airframer.com/aircraft_detail.html?model=ArchereVTOL > Accessed on March 10, 2024. ARCHER AVIATION INC. Midnight . Available at: < https://archer.com/midnight > Accessed on 03/10/2024. BUSINESS AIR NEWS. Archer scores Transportation Design of the Year for Midnight . Available at: < https://www.businessairnews.com/mag_story.html?ident=29621 > Accessed on: March 10, 2024. CARLSEN, Courtney. THE MOTLEY FOOL. Where Will Archer Aviation Be in 1 Year? Available at: < https://www.fool.com/investing/2024/02/27/where-will-archer-aviation-be-in-1-year/ > Accessed on March 10, 2024. DOMINGUES, Joelza Ester. Teaching History Blog . “The Jetsons”, the first color television show . Available at < https://ensinarhistoria.com.br/linha-do-tempo/ Primeiro-programa-de-televisao-colorido-the-jetsons/ > Accessed on 09.mar.2024. FUTURE FLIGHT. WEITERING, Hanneke. Archer Revs Up Flight Tests With Midnight Evtol Air Taxi. Available at: < https://www.futureflight.aero/news-article/2024-02-02/archer-revs-flight-tests-midnight-evtol-air-taxi > Accessed on: March 11, 2024. THE ARSENALE. Pioneering Sustainable Urban Mobility With Archer Aviation. Available at: < https://thearsenale.com/blogs/magazine/pioneering-sustainable-urban-mobility-with-archer-aviation > Accessed on: March 11, 2024. WIKIPEDIA. The Jetsons. Available at: Accessed on: 09.mar.2024.

Iceland, with an area similar to the US state of Kentucky, has more than 30 active volcanoes . Therefore, the island in northern Europe has become a privileged destination for volcanic tourism - a segment that attracts thousands of adventurers. 🌎 LIVE in 4K: New Volcanic Eruption in Grindavik, Iceland See other incredible images, in high resolution, directly from Live from Iceland

The last Portals were opened on May 8, 2024. In the United States, The NYC Portal, located near Flatiron Plaza, in the center of Manhattan, and on the famous O'Connell Street, in Dublin, Ireland. The connection designed by Portals is made up of circular video screens, 3.4 meters high and weighing "several tons", organizers say, but without details about the camera and screen technology being used. The screens broadcast live, installed in public squares, which operate 24 hours a day. The Portals connect geographically distant cities, which can "embrace the beauty of global interconnection", in the words of the exhibition organizers. It arose from the idea of Lithuanian artist and businessman Benediktas Gylys, who developed the concept by bringing together several people, applying design and engineering perspectives and with the support of VilniusTech University of Technology. For the creators, Portals are sculptures of technological art and were born from a feeling that we, humans, have more to share than what separates us; and from a feeling that we are all interconnected on this planet of ours. Gylys, the founder, says that “the portals symbolize a bridge that unifies and an invitation to overcome prejudices and divergences that belong to the past." Bridge to a United Planet - portals.org The first portals were opened in May 2021, uniting the cities of Vilnius, Lithuania and Lublin, Poland. Installed in locations in the center of both cities, the Portals attracted a lot of attention. Near Vilnius' main train station, staring at the Portal allows Vilnius residents to interact, in real time, with people on the main square in Lublin, Poland - a city more than 370 kilometers away. According to Scott (2024), undesirable behavior was observed when the Portals connecting Dublin, Ireland and New York, in the United States, began to operate, which led to their closure on May 14, 2024, just a few days after they were opened. Although protests and rebellions are common in large centers, the Portals organization was surprised by obscene gestures, exposure of nudes and shocking images and decided to close until resolutive measures were adopted. On May 19, 2024, the Dublin and New York Portals were reopened. Gylys revealed that later this summer, if not closed again, the New York and Dublin portals will change their provider to connect with Vilnius in Lithuania and Lublin in Poland. While the New York and Dublin locations are now operating restricted opening hours as a result of "inappropriate behavior", the other two portals operate 24/7. For Gylys, “ the main objective is to have as many portals open around the world as possible. The biggest misconception about Portals is that they are about connecting two cities. They are not. Portals are a network of sculptures that connect to each other through a provider that is constantly rotating between different large and small cities on planet Earth." By Luiz CIncurá luiz.cincura@high-techsociety.com Sources: GILBERT, David; HOVER, Amanda. WIRED. We Stood on Both Sides of the New York–Dublin Portal and It Was Glorious. Available at < https://www.wired.com/story/new-york-dublin-portal-reopening/ > Accessed on: 02.June.2024. POITEVIEN, Jessica. TRAVEL + LEISURE. These Real-time Digital 'Portals' Connect People in Cities Hundreds of Miles Apart. Available at: < https://www.travelandleisure.com/attractions/lithuania-poland-city-portals-live-feed > Accessed on: 02.June.2024. PORTALS. In the Collective Consciousness . Available at: < https://www.portals.org/ > Accessed on: June 1, 2024. RAMAKERS, Tim. The Ponts Guy. New technology connects cities with real-time digital 'portals' . Available at: < https://thepointsguy.com/news/real-time-digital-portals/ > Accessed on June 2, 2024. SCOTT, Simon. NPR. Opinion: A tale of two cities' 'Portal' pandemonium. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2024/05/18/1252231540/opinion-a-tale-of-two-cities-portal-pandemonium Accessed on: 01.June.2024.

Hit by intense rains since April 27th and lasting until May 5th, the State of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, was impacted in an unimaginable way, a devastation similar to the effects of a war. On May 7, 2024, CNN broadcast live, speaking from the Governor of Rio Grande do Sul, Eduardo Leite, who reported the dramatic situation that is presented: 48,799 people in shelters 159,036 displaced 1,443,950 affected 372 injured 131 missing 90 deaths On May 9 , 2024, the Civil Defense bulletin of Rio Grande do Sul informs that the number of deaths totals 107 due to the storms that hit the State of Rio Grande do Sul and the update also informs that there are 136 missing and 374 injured. AERIAL VIEW OF THE CENTER OF PORTO ALEGRE, CAPITAL OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL. SOURCE: THE CONVERSATION To give you an idea, in the municipality of Bento Gonçalves alone, there were 600 millimeters of rain in three days, with hundreds of landslides. There were deaths and burials of families and the isolation of almost a thousand people. This required a gigantic "task force" to rescue these people, according to the words of the Mayor of Bento Gonçalves, Diogo Segabinazzi Siqueira, in an interview with Jovem Pan Radio, on May 7, 2024. Let's look at the rainfall intensity ranges, according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO, which establishes the following ranges: Light rain: less than 2.5 mm/h. Moderate rain: from 2.5 to 10 mm/h. Heavy rain: from 10 to 50 mm/h. Very heavy (violent) rain: from 50 mm/h. According to WMO rainfall intensity ranges, the volume of rainfall in Bento Gonçalves was extremely high. According to a CNN report and according to the Civil Defense report, 425 of the 497 cities in Rio Grande do Sul were affected by the storms – equivalent to 85.5% of the total. Only 72 cities did not have any impact related to rain. See the list of cities that were affected by the rains: https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/nacional/chuvas-no-rs-quase-80-das-cidades-gauchas-foram-afetadas-veja-lista/ AMUSEMENT PARK IN THE MATHIAS VELHO NEIGHBORHOOD, IN CANOAS, IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL. SOURCE: CNN Faced with this highly challenging context, the restoration of normality will depend on a slow reconstruction process, to be initiated as soon as the waters recede. It will require the union of herculean efforts. There are several ways to collaborate, through donations, for Rio Grande do Sul. BOAT RESCUES IN THE CITY OF CANOAS-RS. SOURCE: GZH SOS ENCHENTES WEBSITE The Communication Secretariat of the Government of Rio Grande do Sul presents the website https://sosenchentes.rs.gov.br/inicial in which it directs donations to pix CNPJ 92.958.800/0001-38 in which it states that it is linked to the bank account opened by Banrisul (State Bank of Rio Grande do Sul) and that the resources will be fully reverted to humanitarian support for flood victims and the reconstruction of the municipalities' infrastructure. The Secretariat warns, when carrying out the operation, to confirm, before validating the donation, that the name of the account that appears is "SOS Rio Grande do Sul" and that the bank is Banrisul. International donations The government of the State of Rio Grande do Sul also activated international donation channels. With the action, the Executive expands fundraising possibilities and allows people and organizations around the world to contribute to the emergency situation. To donate, use the following data and instructions: Euro Standard Chartered Bank - Frankfurt Swift: SCBLDEFX Account: 007358304 Beneficiary bank: Banco do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul S/A - Head office Swift: BRGSBRRS Beneficiary: Association of Banks in the State of Rio Grande do Sul CNPJ: 92.958.800/0001-38 Iban: BR5392702067001000645423206C1 American dollar Standard Chartered Bank - New York Swift: SCBLUS33 Account: 3544032986001 Beneficiary bank: Banco do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul S/A - Head office Swift: BRGSBRRS Beneficiary: ASSOCIATION OF BANKS IN THE STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL CNPJ: 92.958.800/0001-38 Iban: BR5392702067001000645423206C1 Pounds Sterling Standard Chartered Bank - London Swift: SCBLGB2L Account: 01251596201 Beneficiary bank: Banco do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul S/A - Head office Swift: BRGSBRRS Beneficiary: Association of Banks in the State of Rio Grande do Sul CNPJ: 92.958.800/0001-38 Iban: BR5392702067001000645423206C1 In all cases, you must inform: Iban Code: BR5392702067001000645423206C1 Name: Association of Banks in the State of Rio Grande do Sul CNPJ: 92.958.800/0001-38 Management Committee The State of Rio Grande do Sul published on Sunday (05/May/2024) Decree No. 57,601, which establishes the management committee of the SOS Rio Grande do Sul account. The group, formed by public and private entities, will be responsible for defining actions , measures and criteria for distributing donations destined for flood victims and collected by the channel's pix key. The list of members of the Steering Committee includes, from the public sector, the Governor's Office, the Vice-Governor's Office, the State Attorney General's Office, the Secretariat of Economic Development, the Military House, the Secretariat of Logistics and Transport, the Secretariat of Social Development, the Secretariat of Housing and Land Regularization and the private sector, the Association of Banks in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, the Federation of Associations of Municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul (Famurs), the Central Única das Favelas (Cufa ), the Federation of Chambers of Store Managers of Rio Grande do Sul (FCDL-RS), the Federation of Industries of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Fiergs), the Federation of Commerce of Goods and Services of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Fecomércio), the Marcopolo Foundation, the Elisabetha Randon Institute, the Lions Club, the Rotary Club and the Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service (Sebrae/RS). WEST MAGAZINE West magazine started, four days ago, a campaign to obtain donations for Rio Grande do Sul and has already exceeded 3 million reais, to help the victims of the floods that are ravaging the State. The magazine states that it will report daily, both in relation to the amounts collected and the destination of donations. Anyone who wants to collaborate with donations, through Revista Oeste, send pix to the following email: ApoioRS@revistaoeste.com SPIRITIST CENTERS IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL Check out the Spiritist Centers in cities in Rio Grande do Sul, which are receiving and making donations for those affected by the rains in Rio Grande do Sul. Alvorada-RS Allan Kardec Spiritist Group Collection of non-perishable food, hygiene and cleaning items, blankets and towels, pet food Avenida Maringá 1316 – Alvorada-RS From 2pm to 4pm Lageado-RS Léon Denis Spiritist Center PIX key: 91.167.833/0001-05 To donate clothes, food, basic hygiene materials or other materials, contact: (51) 9 9967.6349 Novo Hamburgo,RS Spiritist Society in Search of Truth Collection of non-perishable food, hygiene and cleaning items, blankets and towels. Delivery can be made to the Centro headquarters (Rua Bento Gonçalves 2863): Saturday - from 5pm to 8pm Tuesday - from 7pm to 9pm Thursday - from 2pm to 4pm or from 7pm to 9pm At the Canudos headquarters (Rua América 1313): Monday - from 7pm to 9pm Porto Alegre (State's capital) Teresa D'ávila Spiritist Association Campaign to collect clothes, food, personal hygiene and cleaning products. R. Fernando Strehlau, 55 Jardim Itu - Porto Alegre-RS Mondays, from 2pm to 3:30pm Thursdays from 7:20 pm to 8:30 pm Peace and Light Spiritist Association Campaign to collect clothes, food, personal hygiene and cleaning products. Rua Dr. Pereira Neto, 1737, Camaquã neighborhood, Porto Alegre. Wednesday, from 7:30 pm to 9 pm; Saturday, from 2:30 pm to 4 pm. Path of Light Spiritist Society Collection point for the following items: - Non-perishable food - Mineral water - Personal hygiene products - Food for dogs/cats Av. Bento Gonçalves, 1209 Partenon - Porto Alegre/RS Donations can be delivered to our House (Av. Bento Gonçalves, 1209), during working hours. Mondays and Thursdays: 6:45 pm to 9 pm Tuesdays: 2:45pm to 4pm Saturdays: from 2:45 pm to 4:30 pm Amigo Germano Spiritist Institute Campaign to collect clothes, food, personal hygiene and cleaning products. Donations can be delivered starting tomorrow (including Saturday and Sunday) at the Instituto Espírita Amigo Germano, Rua Santana, 1225, Farroupilha neighborhood, Porto Alegre/RS. Santana Do Livramento-RS Spiritist Charity Center Street: Rivadávia Corrêa, 1141 Receiving donations this Saturday 4/5. Time: 3:30 pm to 4:30 pm Rio Grande-RS Rio Grande Spiritist Union Campaign to collect clothes, non-perishable food, mattresses and blankets, personal hygiene products and food. Rua Benjamin Constante 521 WhatsApp UERG: (53) 991167581 São Gabriel-RS Workers of Charity Spiritist Center - Campaign to collect clothes and non-perishable food. Street: Celestino Cavalheiro, 400 center Donations can be delivered to Obreiros da Caridade, from 8:30 am to 11 am. Obreiros ANEXO Street: Virgílio Silva, 87 neighborhood October 3 And at Obreiros ANNEXO, from 2pm to 4pm. Taquara-RS Sister Dalva Spiritist Center Varal Solidário - Donation of clothes for those affected by the floods. R. Prof. Rodolfo Dietschi, 1922 Taquara/RS Thursday from 2pm to 5pm Friday 03/05 2pm to 5pm. Viamão-RS André Luiz Spiritist Association Collecting hygiene and cleaning materials Tuesdays (from 2:30 pm to 4:00 pm) and Saturdays (from 6:30 pm to 9:00 pm) Estrada Capitão Gentil Machado de Godoy, 661 - Vila Elza THE FEDERATION OF INDUSTRIES OF SC (FIESC) AND FOUNDATION GAÚCHA DE BANKS SOCIALS The Federation of Industries of SC (FIESC) and its entities are receiving donations for those affected by the tragedy caused by the rains in Rio Grande do Sul. Those interested in helping can take food, clothes, hygiene items and cleaning products to the regional and SESI, SENAI and IEL units throughout the state. The Santa Catarina Federation is also part of a campaign to donate resources via pix to the Fundação Gaúcha de Bancos Sociais, an entity linked to the federation of industries in Rio Grande do Sul, given the logistical difficulties that Rio Grande do Sul is currently facing. Donations to help Rio Grande do Sul, through the Fundação Gaúcha de Bancos Sociais , send amounts via pix to CNPJ 04.580.781/0001-91 AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK ENTITIES According to a Forbes Brasil report, agriculture and livestock entities are also integrated into the solidarity movement to help Rio Grande do Sul. Acta Agro Atua Agro is part of Synap (Syngenta Agriculture Platform), Syngenta's holding company formed by independent companies. There are 44 branches in the southern region of the country, with 144 stores that serve as product collection points. To find out where the stores are located, go to the website actuaagro.com.br and access the Stores. Brazilian Brangus Association The Brazilian Association of Brangus (ABB) and the Núcleo Brangus Sul joined the Instituto Desenvolvimento Pecuária in collecting donations. The amount collected has been directed through Civil Defense. PIX for CNPJ: 42.510.117/0001-65 Institute for Livestock Development The Instituto Desenvolvimento Pecuária was born in 2019 through a WhatsApp group of rural producers from Rio Grande do Sul, cattle breeders, and which today brings together rural entrepreneurs, teachers, university students and technical consultants. PIX for CNPJ: 42.510.117/0001-65 Forest Cultural Institute The Forest Cultural Institute, based in Porto Alegre, is a local NGO. Using this link you can access the rescue points and maps of the locations. PIX for CNPJ: 27.631.481/0001-90 Federasul The Federation of Business Entities of Rio Grande do Sul (Federasul), which brings together its 194 affiliated entities, launched the fundraising campaign. The focus of the campaign is to purchase blankets. The coming winter is a season that easily records temperatures below zero degrees in some regions of the state . PIX: sosrs@federasul.com.br Brazilian Angus Association The Brazilian Angus Association (ABA) launched the solidarity campaign and works in contact with civil defense to identify the population's most urgent needs. PIX: finance@angus.org.br Aprosoja Brazil The Brazilian Soy Producers Association (Aprosoja) is participating in the campaign by collecting funds that will be directed. PIX for CNPJ: 11.029.749/0001-88 Federarroz The Federation of Rice Growers Associations of RS (Federarroz), which represents 16 rice growers associations, is collecting donations to purchase basic food baskets and utensils. PIX for CNPJ: 93.459.410/0001-86 Gadandondo and Milk Brazil The Association of Dutch Cattle Breeders of RS (Gadolando) and the Brazilian Association of Milk Producers (Milk Brazil) are supporting the affected producers and the communities in their surroundings. The entities ask for donations of food, water, hygiene products and volunteer services. In terms of values, the entities recommend. PIX online at https://www.vakinha.com.br . There are several other initiatives for donations to Rio Grande do Sul. It is valuable to be supportive and that the amounts donated help to overcome the enormous difficulties that exist, with the powerful help of all the organizations and people who are united in this great purpose. By Luiz Cincurá luiz.cincura@high-techsociety.com Sources: CNN Brasil. Rains in RS: more than 85% of cities in Rio Grande do Sul were affected; see list. Available in: < https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/nacional/chuvas-no-rs-quase-80-das-cidades-gauchas-foram-afetadas-veja-lista/ > Accessed on May 8, 2024. CNN Breaking News. Live broadcast on May 7, 2024, 5:43 pm. Now: Governor Eduardo Leite updates the situation in RS . Spiritist Federation of Rio Grande do Sul. Solidarity: Check out the Spiritist Centers that are receiving and making donations for those affected by the rains in RS . Available at: < https://www.fergs.org.br/single-post/solidariedade-confira-os-centros-esp%C3%ADritas-que-est%C3%A3o-recebendo-e-realizando-doa% C3%A7%C3%B5es-ao-atidos-p > Accessed on May 9, 2024. FIESC. FIESC . FIESC and entities receive donations for Rio Grande do Sul . Available at < https://fiesc.com.br/pt-br/imprensa/fiesc-e-entidades-recebem-doacoes-para-o-rio-grande-do-sul > Accessed on May 9, 2024. FORBES AGRO. Want to help? Agricultural entities in the campaign for Rio Grande do Sul. Available at < https://forbes.com.br/forbesagro/2024/05/quer-ajudar-as-entidades-do-agro-na-campanha-pelo-rio -grande-do-sul/ > Accessed on May 9, 2024. FORBES BRAZIL. These billionaire companies are helping with the tragedy in RS; check out. Available at: < https://www.msn.com/pt-br/dinheiro/economia-e-negocios/estas-empresas-de-bilion%C3%A1rios-est%C3%A3o-ajudando-na-trag% C3%A9dia-do-rs-confira/ar-BB1m5xm0?ocid=msedgntp&pc=U531&cvid=479ea0ee8f064164a75bed3dca82df4d&ei=27 > Accessed on: May 9, 2024. G1. The number of deaths rises to 107 after floods that hit RS. Available at < https://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/2024/05/09/sobe-para-107-o-numero-de-mortos-apos-enchentes-que -atem-o-rs.ghtml > Accessed on May 9, 2024. YOUNG PAN. Podcast Os Pingos dos Is: Interview with the Mayor of Bento Gonçalves , on 05/07/2024, (listen to the audio with the interview starting at 16 minutes and 50 seconds). Available at < https://jovempan.com.br/podcasts/programas/os-pingos-nos-is/os-pingos-nos-is-07-05-2024-rio-grande-do-sul-estado-confirma -95-mortes-e-131-desaparecidos.html > Accessed on May 8, 2024. WEST MAGAZINE . Oeste exceeds 3 million in revenue for Rio Grande do Sul . Available at: < https://revistaoeste.com/brasil/oeste-supera-r-3-milhoes-em-arrecadacao-para-o-rio-grande-do-sul/ > Accessed on May 9, 2024. SOS RIO GRANDE DO SUL. Pix - how to donate . Available at < https://sosenchentes.rs.gov.br/pix-como-doar > Accessed on May 9, 2024. UOL.BRASIL SCHOOL. Rain: Rain intensity. Available at: < https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/geografia/chuvas-precipitacoes.htm > Accessed on May 9, 2024

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The 68th FIFA Congress, held on June 13, 2018, in Moscow, approved three host countries for the next Football World Cup. For the first time, it will be held in 16 cities, 11 in the United States, 3 in Mexico and 2 in Canada. Also for the first time, the Cup will have the biggest expansion in its history, with the participation of 48 national teams, an increase of 50% compared to 32 teams in the last Cup, held in 2022. As there are more teams, the format of the competition it will also be expanded from a total of 64 to 104 matches. 2026 FIFA WORLD UNITED | OFFICIAL TBN PRESENTATION The first Cups were held with 13 to 16 participants, in 1930, 1934, 1938 and 1950. From 1954 onwards, the tournament featured 16 teams until it was increased to 24 for Spain '82, and then 32 for France '98 . The dispute with 48 national teams was announced by FIFA in 2017, which defended the change stating its interest in accelerating the development of football in countries that rarely qualify for the World Cup. The dispute format approved by the FIFA Council would feature 48 teams divided into 16 groups of three teams. The top two teams in each group would qualify for the next phase, with 32 teams, which caused controversy, as it meant that the two teams from the last group match could produce a result that would allow both teams to qualify, to the detriment of a third team. , who wouldn't play. This possibility made FIFA modify this classification criteria. Thus, the FIFA Council met before the 73rd FIFA Congress in Kigali, Rwanda and unanimously approved an amendment that changed the competition format, from 16 groups of three to 12 groups of four, with the two first and eight best third-placed teams advancing to a round of 32. The new rule will apply at the 2026 FIFA World Cup XXIII. For FIFA, the revised format mitigates the risk of collusion and ensures that all teams play a minimum of three matches, providing balanced rest time between competing teams. Mexico The opening date of the dispute has already been defined. The initial game will be held in Mexico City, at the Azteca stadium, on June 11, 2026, a fact that will make Mexico the first country to host, for the third time, a World Cup. Mexico will host 13 World Cup games. AZTECA STADIUM, IN MEXICO CITY, WITH CAPACITY FOR 83,264 PEOPLE. PHOTO:PINTEREST Compared to other countries, such as Qatar, host of the last edition of the World Cup, Mexico has the advantage of not needing to build stadiums that will host 13 international matches. In addition to the Azteca Stadium, the Akron Stadium, in Guadalajara, and the BBVA Stadium, in Monterrey, will also host games from the XXIII Football World Cup. The last two facilities "are relatively new and have already been built under very current criteria". Furthermore, Mexico is one of the most visited countries in terms of tourism and, in this sense, the three selected cities have adequate infrastructure, according to Francisco San José, from the School of Sports Sciences at Universidad Anáhuac México. Alejandro Escorcia, from the sports management company Real Sports Management, highlights the importance of holding a sustainable World Cup in Mexico, "minimizing its environmental impact and promoting responsible practices in terms of waste management, resource consumption and transport". Canada Canada has never hosted the men's World Cup, although it tried to get the 1986 edition after Colombia, the original choice, said it could not host the tournament for financial reasons. The country chosen, on that occasion, was Mexico. In Canada, the World Cup will have 13 games distributed between the cities of Toronto and Vancouver. In Toronto, the World Cup will take place at the BMO Field stadium, which will be renovated to accommodate extra seats and will have a capacity of 45,000 seats. So far it is known that the cost for Toronto to host the World Cup is projected at US$380 million. In Vancouver, the games will take place at BC Place, which has a capacity for 54,000 people and is also scheduled to be renovated for the World Cup. USA 78 World Cup games will be held in the United States. Matches in the USA will take place in venues that were built specifically for NFL¹ (National Football League) matches. This presents a unique challenge as many venues use artificial grass surfaces for football and will need to be replaced with natural grass. Lumen Field in Seattle has begun the process of replacing it with a natural grass surface. It's not the only place that will be changing the grass. BC Place in Canada, AT&T Stadium (Arlington, Texas), Mercedes Benz Stadium (Atlanta), MetLife Stadium (East Rutherford), Gillette Stadium (Foxborough, Massachusetts), NRG Stadium (Houston) and SoFi Stadium (Inglewood, California) also will need to remove artificial grass surfaces and install natural grass for the finals. Changing the grass is not the only adaptation being made by stadiums in the United States. NFL fields are 53.3 yards wide. FIFA requires a playing field to be at least 68 meters (74.4 yards) wide, with a total grass field area of at least 85 meters by 125 meters (93 yards by 136.7). Several stadiums will undergo adjustments, also in relation to field dimensions. Especially SoFi in Southern California. Most, if not all, of the 11 US venues will have to undergo work to remove sideline and corner seats - temporarily and specifically for the World Cup. In any case, stadium costs are restricted to adjustments and adaptations, without new construction, which significantly reduces the costs involved. PHOTO: PINTEREST The final match of the World Cup will be held on July 19, 2026, at the MetLife Stadium, in New Jersey, with a capacity for 82,500 people. Where to buy game tickets and how much do they cost? For now, FIFA has not released information about match dates and ways to purchase tickets for the 2026 World Cup; However, on the organization's website there is already a registration for all interested parties – at this point you need to provide the following information: name, surname, email and language By submitting this data, you agree to receive communications from FIFA with information about tickets for the 2026 FIFA World Cup, the website says. To register as interested in purchasing tickets for the 2026 FIFA Cup, click here. Official ticket prices for the 2026 World Cup have not yet been revealed, but it is possible to get an idea: ticket prices for the FIFA Cup Qatar 2022 were offered from US$70. How much does it cost to hold a World Cup? Since the 1966 World Cup, held in England, only one tournament has generated more revenue than costs. Russia 2018 had a positive balance of around 240 million dollars, according to the study “The structural deficit of the Olympic Games and the World Championship: Comparing costs against revenues over time”, according to Müller, M. , Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD ((2022 apud Pereira, 2023). Before the Qatar Cup, the most expensive World Cup was held by Japan/South Korea, which spent more than US$7 billion in 2002. According to Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD (2022 apud Pereira, 2023), Qatar invested around US$220 billion to organize the 2022 FIFA World Cup, the most expensive of all time. For accounting, according to Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD (2022 apud Pereira, 2023), the study considers two types of costs: construction/renovation of stadiums and organization. On the revenue side, tickets, sponsorships and television rights are accounted for, which, in the case of the Japanese/South Korean event, resulted in just over US$2 billion for the coffers. However, the study did not make reference to the World Cup's foreign exchange earnings, generated by tourism. A Football World Cup is one of the most expensive mega-events in the world. Graphs of revenue and costs from World Cups up to the World Cup in Russia in 2018, presented by Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD (2022 apud Pereira, 2023) will provide information in this regard. The authors Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD (2022) decided to include only direct revenues and direct costs, recognizing that the results may be different if we take into account indirect revenues and projected indirect costs in addition to hosting each World Cup. However, considering the uncertainties in these projections, these indirect revenues and indirect costs were not included. A distinction can be made between direct revenues and costs, which can be immediately attributed to the holding of the event itself, such as operations and venues, and indirect revenues and costs, which support the holding of the event without being essential to it, such as expansion hotel capacity, new public transport, airport extensions, improvements in energy supply, among others. Their overall amount often exceeds that of direct costs. Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, S. D. (2022). The way costs are allocated also impacts results. The costs of building and renovating stadiums could be deducted over a longer period and it could be argued that these costs should not be attributed solely to the event that gave rise to them. On the other hand, stadiums built for mega-events often continue to be a financial burden for the hosts after the event Alm et al. (2016 apud Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD, 2022), so it can be argue otherwise and claim that the actual costs exceed the construction cost. The indirect revenues provided by the increase in tourist flow after the World Cup event, in consumption in restaurants, hotels, airline tickets, among others, are also difficult to project and know for how long after its completion, the media grandeur of a The Football World Cup could influence the tourist flow in the host country. There are also gains from investments in local infrastructure, such as transport networks and accessibility, benefiting residents with better living conditions in their cities. COSTS AND REVENUES OF FOOTBALL WORLD CUPS (2018 DATA) SOURCE: Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD (2022 apud Pereira, 2023 - Finance Football) NET BALANCE BETWEEN REVENUES AND COSTS OF FOOTBALL WORLD CUPS, IN BILLIONS OF DOLLARS (2018 VALUES) SOURCE: Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD (2022 apud Pereira, 2023 - Finance Football) The decision of a country to apply to hold the World Cup mega-event is a complex commitment that must be guided, in short, by a careful analysis of its priorities and what it intends and hopes to achieve with its holding versus investment capacity. necessary to make it happen. Countries in economic difficulty, with low investment capacity and with great social needs and limited or precarious infrastructure and that need to build stadiums, would certainly better direct their resources received from taxes paid by the population, in qualifying and expanding the provision of services in education, in public health and safety, among other areas. Müller, M., Gogishvili, D., & Wolfe, SD (2022 apud Pereira, 2023), highlighted that the results of the study have a certain limitation, as they do not include indirect revenues, indirect costs and their projections beyond the event. Despite this, they stated that historically the World Cups hardly pay the costs of their organizations. The 2026 World Cup, to be held in 16 cities in three countries, will have the additional cost of another 40 matches in addition to those played in the last World Cup, but the host countries have stadiums and the general infrastructure situation is quite favorable. The opening to cost mitigation by three host countries is positive news and helps to make the World Cup mega-event viable. It is expected that it will be successful, both sporting and economic. By Luiz Cincurá luiz.cincura@high-techsociety.com Grades: ¹ The National Football League is the professional American football league in the United States. It consists of 32 teams, divided equally between two conferences: the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference. Sources: ALM J, Solberg HA, Storm RK, Jakobsen TG (2016 ) Hosting major sports events: the challenge of taming white elephants . Leisure Studies 35(5): 564–582 CABRERA, Mario Alberto. GQ. World Cup 2026: how to buy tickets and how much does it cost? Available at: < https://www.gq.com.mx/articulo/mundial-2026-boletos-precios-cuando-salen-donde-comprar > Accessed on: April 25, 2024. DAVIDSON, Neil. CBC. Canada to stage 13 games at 2026 FIFA World Cup between Toronto and Vancouver. Available at: < https://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/fifa-mens-world-cup-2026-canada-soccer-matches-1.7104623 > Accessed on: April 26, 2024. DUNBAR, Graham. AP News. FIFA targets $11 billion in revenue through 2026 World Cup . Available at: < https://apnews.com/article/world-cup-sports-qatar-3551b3dacd7c35a4f7b50ecbb69abec5 > Accessed on: March 31, 2024. ESPN. What the World Cup will look like in 2026: 48 teams, more groups, more venues, more games . Available at: < https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/37637162/what-world-cup-look-2026-48-teams-more-groups-more-venues-more- games > Accessed on: April 16, 2024. INSIDE FIFA. FIFA Council approves international match calendars . Available at: < https://inside.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-approves-international-match-calendars > Accessed on: April 16, 2024. MÜLLER, Martin, GOGISHVILI, David, & WOLFE, Sven Daniel (2022). The structural deficit of the Olympics and the World Cup: Comparing costs against revenues over time. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 54(6), 1200-1218. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X221098741 NBC SPORTS. What is the 2026 World Cup schedule? When and where are the games? How will it work? What is the format? Available at: < https://www.nbcsports.com/soccer/news/when-and-where-is-the-2026-world-cup > Accessed on April 17, 2024. PEREIRA, Pedro. FINANCE FOOTBALL. How much does a World Cup cost . Available at: < https://financefootball.com/2023/10/28/how-much-does-a-world-cup-cost/ > Accessed on: April 17, 2024. SBJ Sport Business Journal. Toronto's FIFA World Cup hosting costs rise to nearly $380M . Available at: < https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Articles/2024/02/27/toronto-2026-fifa-world-cup-cost > Accessed on: March 31, 2024. TRAEDER. Viloa. DW. Will Mexico succeed as host of the 2026 World Cup? Available at: < https://www.dw.com/es/m%C3%A9xico-tiene-el-potencial-de-ser-un-excelente-anfitri%C3%B3n-del-mundial-2026/a- 68196746 > Accessed on: April 25, 2024. USSOCCER. World Cup Returns to North America in 2026 - What You Should Know . Available at: < https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2018/06/world-cup-returns-to-north-america-in-2026--what-you-should-know > Accessed at: 17. April.2024. VIJAYKUMAR. Ajit The National News. FIFA World Cup 2026 in US, Mexico and Canada: Venues, capacity and schedule . Available at: < https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/football/2024/02/16/fifa-world-cup-2026-venues-capacity-schedule-usa-mexico-canada/ > Accessed on: 30. March.2024. WIKIPEDIA. National Football League . Available at: < https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League > Accessed on: April 6, 2024. YAHOO NEWS. CBC. What you need to know about the World Cup coming to Vancouver in 2026. Available at: < https://ca.news.yahoo.com/know-world-cup-coming-vancouver-205023051.html > Accessed on: 26. April.2024. Y! SPORTS. 2026 World Cup schedule: Everything we know about locations, dates, times, teams, tickets and more . Available at: < https://sports.yahoo.com/2026-world-cup-schedule-start-date-stadiums-cities-tickets-024548234.html > Accessed on: April 17, 2024.

The twice world obstacle course champion, Anouk Garnier , aged 34, on october, 10, 2024, climbed to the second floor of the Eiffel Tower with the help of a rope and the strength of her arms. Garnier climbed 110 meters in just 18 minutes. The French athlete now holds the new women's and men's world record in this sport. ATHLETE ANOUCK GARNIER CELEBRATED REACHING A NEW WORLD RECORD. PHOTO: EURONEWS Sources: EURONEWS. French woman breaks world record for rope climbing the Eiffel Tower . Available at: < https://pt.euronews.com/2024/04/10/francesa-bate-recorde-mundial-de-escalada-com-corda-na-torre-eiffel > Accessed on: 11.Apr.2024 . SKY NEWS. Obstacle course world champion attempts to climb the Eiffel Tower by rope . Available at: < https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVD14xHHn7o > Accessed on April 11, 2024.

Australian Open Why is the scoring so strange in tennis, with 15, 30 and 40 points per ball? Strange for you, who was born in the 21st century and got used to measuring life in the predictable decimal metric system. At the time of Jeu de Paume, a French sport that is one of the origins of modern tennis and that began to be played in the 16th century, this sexagesimal score made perfect sense. Think about your clock: the first dot represents a quarter of the circle, or 15 minutes; the second half circle, and so on until the game (formerly 60 points). But if this is so, why 40 and not the logical 45? Because in French, the language of the people who created the Jeu de Paume, it is much easier to shout "quarente" in the heat of the game than the long “quarent-cinq”. Thus, time took care of making the famous short a standard. In the 1970s, Americans tried to change the scoring to a boring 1, 2, 3 and game, but the idea didn't work. Source: Playboy Magazine